Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: kardiovaskular & respirasi dengan jawaban

What is the main cause of varicose veins?

1. AA clot blocking a deep vein in the calf
2. BFaulty valves in the superficial leg veins
3. CInflammation of the lymph nodes in the groin
4. DNarrowing of the leg arteries by plaque

Apa komplikasi paling serius dari trombosis vena dalam?

1. APembengkakan tungkai pasca-trombotik
2. BTromboflebitis superfisial
3. CEmboli paru
4. DVarises

What is the pulse pressure?

1. AThe pressure measured in the right atrium at rest
2. BThe average arterial pressure over one whole cardiac cycle
3. CThe number of pulse beats counted in one minute
4. DThe difference between the systolic and diastolic pressures

A patient with chest pain has a first troponin result within the normal range one hour after the pain started. Why is a repeat test arranged?

1. ATroponin falls during an MI, so a lower value confirms it
2. BThe first sample is always contaminated
3. CTroponin may take a few hours to rise after muscle damage
4. DThe repeat test is only needed for patients over 80

A patient choosing between a mechanical and a biological heart valve asks about the main difference. Which answer is accurate?

1. ABiological valves last longer but need lifelong warfarin
2. BMechanical valves last longer but need lifelong anticoagulation
3. CMechanical valves wear out within one year
4. DBoth types need no medicines after surgery

Which finding shows that long-standing hypertension has caused target organ damage?

1. AA heart rate of 72/min
2. BClear lung fields on the chest X-ray
3. CLeft ventricular hypertrophy on the ECG
4. DA normal fasting glucose

Sebelum dosis digoksin pagi, nadi apikal pasien 54/menit dan ia merasa mual. Apa yang harus dilakukan perawat?

1. AMenahan dosis dan melaporkannya, karena toksisitas mungkin terjadi
2. BMemberikan dosis dan antiemetik, lalu memeriksa nadi lagi besok
3. CMemberikan setengah dosis dan memeriksa nadi lagi dalam satu jam
4. DMemberikan dosis, karena hanya nadi radial yang dihitung

A patient's blood gas shows pH 7,26, PaCO₂ 9,0 kPa (68 mmHg) and bicarbonate 25 mmol/L. What does this show?

1. AMetabolic acidosis with compensation
2. BMetabolic alkalosis
3. CAcute respiratory acidosis
4. DRespiratory alkalosis