Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: kardiovaskular & respirasi dengan jawaban

Mengapa pernapasan bibir mencucu (pursed-lip breathing) diajarkan kepada pasien PPOK?

1. AMenjaga saluran napas kecil tetap terbuka saat ekshalasi
2. BMengurangi dorongan untuk batuk pada siang hari
3. CMenguatkan diafragma saat inhalasi
4. DMeningkatkan kandungan oksigen udara yang dihirup

What does a nebuliser do?

1. AIt measures the level of oxygen in the blood through the skin
2. BIt sucks secretions out of the airway
3. CIt turns a liquid medicine into a fine mist to breathe in
4. DIt warms and filters the air entering a tracheostomy tube

What is the role of surfactant in the lungs?

1. AIt kills bacteria that reach the alveoli from the air
2. BIt moves mucus up towards the throat
3. CIt lowers surface tension so the alveoli stay open
4. DIt carries oxygen across the membrane into the blood

After an above-knee amputation, which measure helps prevent a hip flexion contracture?

1. AKeeping the hip bent to reduce stump swelling
2. BKeeping a pillow under the stump at all times, day and night
3. CLying prone for periods and avoiding pillows under the stump
4. DSitting in a chair for most of the day with the hips bent

Why is pyridoxine (vitamin B6) often given with isoniazid?

1. ATo prevent gout attacks
2. BTo prevent peripheral neuropathy
3. CTo prevent orange discolouration of urine
4. DTo prevent loss of colour vision

A patient with angle-closure glaucoma needs nebulised ipratropium. What precaution is sensible?

1. AGive it only with the patient lying completely flat
2. BRun it at the highest possible gas flow
3. CUse a mouthpiece or protect the eyes from the mist
4. DMix it with an eye drop before putting it in the nebuliser

During a thrombolytic infusion for an MI, the patient develops a sudden severe headache, vomiting and new confusion. What should the nurse do first?

1. AContinue the infusion, as headache is a common side effect
2. BSlow the infusion and give an antiemetic
3. CGive a second dose to finish the treatment
4. DStop the infusion and call for urgent medical help

A patient has new chest pain at rest. The ECG shows ST depression, but serial troponins remain normal. Which diagnosis fits best?

1. ANon-ST-elevation myocardial infarction
2. BUnstable angina
3. CStable angina
4. DST-elevation myocardial infarction