Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: kardiovaskular & respirasi dengan jawaban

Which three signs make up Beck's triad in cardiac tamponade?

1. AFever, a new heart murmur and splinter haemorrhages under the nails
2. BHigh blood pressure, a slow pulse and irregular breathing
3. CChest pain, ST elevation and raised troponin
4. DLow blood pressure, distended neck veins and muffled heart sounds

When is pneumonia classed as hospital-acquired?

1. AWhen it starts within the first hour after admission
2. BWhen it starts 48 hours or more after admission
3. CWhen the patient had symptoms before admission
4. DOnly when it is caused by a virus

What is a "barrel chest"?

1. AA wider front-to-back chest diameter from air trapping
2. BA sunken breastbone that has been present since birth
3. CA chest that moves inward on breathing in
4. DA curved spine that bends to one side and twists the ribs

A woman had lymph nodes removed from her left armpit for breast cancer. Which advice helps reduce the risk of lymphoedema?

1. AApply tight jewellery to the left wrist
2. BAvoid BP cuffs and injections on the left arm where possible
3. CKeep the left arm hanging down and as still as possible all day
4. DUse only the left arm for heavy lifting to build up its muscles

How should a patient breathe in when using a dry powder inhaler?

1. ASeveral times, breathing out into the device between breaths
2. BThrough the nose with the mouthpiece in the mouth
3. CSlowly and gently over about ten seconds
4. DQuickly and deeply, after breathing out away from the device

Why is a higher level of HDL cholesterol considered protective?

1. AHDL thins the blood in the same way as an anticoagulant
2. BHDL is converted into vitamin D in the walls of the arteries
3. CHDL lowers the blood pressure directly
4. DHDL carries cholesterol from the tissues back to the liver

A nurse has four cardiac patients. Which one should be seen first?

1. AA patient with AF and a heart rate of 86/min who is due an apixaban dose this morning
2. BA patient after a radial angiogram asking when they can eat
3. CA patient with heart failure whose weight is 0,3 kg up on yesterday's morning weight
4. DA patient with angina whose chest pain has not eased with rest and who is sweating

A patient with pneumonia has a heart rate of 118/min, BP 86/50 mmHg, RR 28/min and a high lactate. Sepsis is recognised. Which action should not be delayed?

1. AWait for the sputum culture result before choosing an antibiotic
2. BTake blood cultures and give IV antibiotics within the first hour
3. CGive oral antibiotics and reassess the next day
4. DDelay fluids until a chest X-ray has been reported