Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: kardiovaskular & respirasi dengan jawaban

What is the classic clinical definition of chronic bronchitis?

1. AA dry cough lasting about one week after a common cold
2. BA cough with sputum most days for 3 months in 2 years running
3. CA single episode of coughing up blood after a chest infection
4. DWheeze and chest tightness that occur only during exercise

Which coronary artery mainly supplies the front (anterior) wall of the left ventricle?

1. AThe circumflex artery only
2. BThe left anterior descending artery
3. CThe pulmonary artery
4. DThe right coronary artery and its marginal branch

What does the term "apnoea" mean?

1. ACoughing up blood
2. BBreathlessness on lying flat
3. CA pause or stop in breathing
4. DA breathing rate above normal

A patient has pneumonia in the right lung only. In which side-lying position will oxygenation usually be best?

1. ALying on the right side, with the affected lung down
2. BLying on the left side, with the healthy lung down
3. CFlat on the back with no pillows
4. DProne with the head down

A patient's capillary refill time at the fingertip is 4 seconds. What does this suggest?

1. AAn unusually strong cardiac output
2. BA high haemoglobin level
3. CNormal peripheral perfusion
4. DReduced peripheral perfusion

Why is a non-selective beta-blocker such as propranolol usually avoided in a patient with asthma?

1. AIt raises the heart rate sharply during an acute asthma attack
2. BIt thickens airway mucus by drying the airways
3. CIt makes inhaled corticosteroids work too strongly
4. DIt can cause bronchospasm by blocking beta-2 receptors

Selama serangan asma berat, PaCO₂ pasien naik dari rendah menjadi normal sementara ia tampak kelelahan. Apa artinya?

1. ASerangan mereda dan pengobatan dapat dikurangi
2. BPasien hiperventilasi akibat kecemasan
3. CPasien kelelahan dan gagal napas dapat menyusul
4. DSampel kemungkinan vena dan dapat diabaikan

Three hours after femoral cardiac catheterisation, a patient has new lower back and flank pain, a heart rate of 112/min and BP 92/60 mmHg. The groin looks normal. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AA urinary tract infection
2. BNormal back ache from lying flat
3. CAn allergic reaction to the contrast
4. DRetroperitoneal bleeding