Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: kardiovaskular & respirasi dengan jawaban

What is haemoptysis?

1. ABleeding from the nose that runs into the throat
2. BBlood in the urine
3. CVomiting blood that comes from the stomach
4. DCoughing up blood from the lungs or airways

What does "pleuritic" chest pain mean?

1. ASharp pain that worsens on breathing in or coughing
2. BAching that is worse when the arm is moved
3. CBurning pain behind the breastbone after meals
4. DDull pressure that spreads to the jaw on exertion

What is the normal resting heart rate range for an adult?

1. A40–60 beats per minute
2. B60–100 beats per minute
3. C30–50 beats per minute
4. D100–140 beats per minute

Which investigation is usually used to confirm a deep vein thrombosis in the leg?

1. ACompression duplex ultrasound
2. BA lung function test
3. CAn exercise ECG
4. DA plain chest X-ray and an ECG

Seorang pasien penyakit arteri perifer mengalami nyeri tungkai pada malam hari. Posisi mana yang dapat meredakannya?

1. AMenempelkan botol air panas langsung pada kaki
2. BMembungkus tungkai dengan perban kompresi
3. CMenggantungkan tungkai ke bawah di tepi tempat tidur
4. DMengangkat tungkai di atas bantal di atas level jantung

Why is aspirin chewed rather than swallowed whole in a suspected acute coronary syndrome?

1. AWhole aspirin tablets cannot be absorbed at all from the gut
2. BChewing stops the aspirin from irritating the lining of the stomach
3. CChewing speeds absorption, giving a faster antiplatelet effect
4. DChewing changes aspirin into an anticoagulant

A patient's blood gas shows pH 7,26, PaCO₂ 9,0 kPa (68 mmHg) and bicarbonate 25 mmol/L. What does this show?

1. AAcute respiratory acidosis
2. BMetabolic alkalosis
3. CRespiratory alkalosis
4. DMetabolic acidosis with compensation

A patient regains a pulse after a ventricular fibrillation arrest that was probably caused by a heart attack. Which investigation is most urgent?

1. AA 12-lead ECG
2. BA lumbar puncture
3. CSpirometry
4. DAn abdominal ultrasound