Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: saluran cerna, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawaban

Which bedside test is commonly used to check for postoperative urinary retention?

1. AA chest X-ray
2. BA blood glucose test
3. CA bladder ultrasound scan
4. DA 12-lead ECG

Dua faktor mana yang paling umum menyebabkan ulkus peptikum?

1. AMerokok dan terlalu banyak kopi kental
2. BMakanan pedas dan stres psikologis atau pekerjaan jangka panjang
3. CMinum susu dan makan buah jeruk
4. DInfeksi Helicobacter pylori dan OAINS

Why is a temporary loop ileostomy often formed after a low bowel resection?

1. ATo let the patient eat without chewing
2. BTo drain urine from the kidneys
3. CTo divert stool while the join further down heals
4. DTo remove the whole colon permanently in a single operation

Which task for a stable patient with an established ileostomy can usually be delegated to a trained healthcare assistant (nursing assistant)?

1. ATeaching the patient about high-output risks
2. BDeciding whether IV fluids are needed
3. CEmptying the pouch and measuring the output
4. DAssessing the stoma for signs of necrosis

Dysphagia that started with solids and now includes liquids, with weight loss, most suggests which cause?

1. AA narrowing such as an oesophageal tumour
2. BNormal ageing of the swallowing muscles
3. CA dry mouth from drinking too little water
4. DSimple anxiety about swallowing tablets

Tindakan mana yang membantu mencegah sindrom lisis tumor pada pasien berisiko tinggi?

1. AHidrasi IV dengan alopurinol atau rasburikase
2. BPembatasan cairan dengan tablet kalium
3. CMenghentikan semua cairan IV dan oral selama kemoterapi
4. DSuplemen kalsium dan fosfat setiap hari

A nurse teaches a patient to self-inject low molecular weight heparin at home. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I'll report any unusual bruising or bleeding."
2. B"I'll change the injection site each day."
3. C"I'll rub the area afterwards to spread the medicine."
4. D"I'll put the used syringe in the sharps bin."

Two hours after a meal, a patient who had a gastrectomy becomes shaky, sweaty and confused. What is the most likely cause and first action?

1. AEarly dumping from fluid shifts; give a large drink of water
2. BAn anastomotic leak; insert a nasogastric tube at once
3. CVitamin B₁₂ deficiency; give an injection now
4. DLate dumping with low blood glucose; check capillary glucose