Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: saluran cerna, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawaban

Pemeriksaan mana yang biasanya digunakan untuk menemukan dan mengobati sumber perdarahan saluran cerna atas?

1. APemeriksaan menelan barium
2. BEndoskopi saluran cerna atas
3. CRontgen polos abdomen
4. DKolonoskopi usus

Which drug is commonly used to prevent or treat postoperative nausea and vomiting?

1. AAtorvastatin
2. BOndansetron
3. CAmlodipine
4. DFurosemide

Which two sites are most common for pressure ulcers in patients lying in bed?

1. AThe sacrum and the heels
2. BThe palms and the forehead
3. CThe forearms and the knees
4. DThe thighs and the upper arms

Mengapa pasien sirosis berisiko lebih tinggi mengalami perdarahan?

1. AFaktor pembekuan lebih sedikit, trombosit rendah, dan varises akibat hipertensi portal
2. BTekanan darah arteri tinggi pada sirosis membuat pembuluh pecah
3. CSirosis menaikkan jumlah trombosit, yang membuat trombosit lebih lemah
4. DHati yang berjaringan parut melepaskan zat antikoagulan seperti heparin ke dalam darah

Pengkajian di sisi tempat tidur mana yang digunakan untuk memantau asites?

1. AUkuran pupil dan reaksinya dua kali sehari
2. BBerat badan harian dan lingkar perut
3. CArus puncak dan saturasi oksigen
4. DGlukosa kapiler sebelum setiap makan

When breaking bad news, what is the first step in frameworks such as SPIKES?

1. ASet up a private setting with enough time
2. BGive all treatment options before checking understanding
3. CGive the diagnosis as quickly as possible in the corridor
4. DAsk the family to decide what the patient should be told

A patient with a toe ulcer says the leg pain is worse at night and eases when they hang the leg over the side of the bed. What does this suggest?

1. ALymphoedema
2. BArterial insufficiency
3. CVenous insufficiency
4. DNeuropathic itching

Which patient has the highest risk of postoperative nausea and vomiting?

1. AA male smoker having a short procedure without opioids
2. BA smoker who has never had nausea after surgery
3. CA man with no history of nausea having local anaesthetic only
4. DA non-smoking woman with motion sickness who will need opioids