Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: saluran cerna, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawaban

What is a Hartmann's procedure?

1. ARemoval of part of the colon with an end colostomy and rectal stump
2. BRemoval of the gallbladder through several small abdominal incisions
3. CJoining the stomach directly to the small bowel
4. DPlacing a stent in the bile duct

Menurut definisi yang banyak digunakan, siapa penilai terbaik nyeri pasien?

1. AKeluarga
2. BPasien
3. CPerawat
4. DDokter bedah

Efek samping opioid mana yang biasanya tidak berkurang dengan penggunaan lanjutan?

1. AKonstipasi
2. BGatal
3. CSedasi
4. DMual dan muntah

A patient on warfarin is booked for elective surgery with a high bleeding risk. What is usual practice?

1. AStop it about 5 days before and check the INR
2. BDouble the dose for a week so the blood is ready for surgery
3. CTake the usual dose on the morning of surgery
4. DSwap to aspirin on the morning of surgery

How are skin staples usually removed from a healed incision?

1. AAll staples at once by pulling each one straight up from the skin
2. BOnly the staples at each end, leaving the others for good
3. CThe staples are left in permanently under the skin
4. DAlternate staples first, then the rest if the wound holds

Aspirate from a nasogastric tube has a pH of 7. What should the nurse do?

1. ADo not use it; re-test later or arrange an X-ray as per policy
2. BGive the medicines but not the feed
3. CStart the feed slowly and watch the patient closely for coughing
4. DFlush with 50 mL of air and start the feed

After several days of a tight CPAP mask, a patient has a red, broken area on the bridge of the nose. What is this, and what should the nurse do?

1. AA burn from the oxygen; apply ice to the area
2. BA normal mark; take no action until it heals
3. CA device-related pressure injury; protect skin and refit the mask
4. DAn allergic rash; stop the CPAP for good and give oral antihistamines

Pada hari ke-3 setelah operasi pinggul, seorang pasien lansia menjadi bingung akut, dengan perhatian yang berfluktuasi dan agitasi. Apa yang harus dilakukan perawat pertama kali?

1. AMeminta keluarga membawa pasien pulang agar tenang
2. BMerestrain pasien dan memberikan sedatif dosis besar segera
3. CMengasumsikan itu demensia dan melanjutkan rencana perawatan tanpa perubahan
4. DMencari penyebab seperti hipoksia, infeksi, nyeri, atau obat, dan mengeskalasi