Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: saluran cerna, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawaban

Which signs suggest a deep vein thrombosis in the leg?

1. AA painless rash on both shins
2. BCold, pale feet on both sides with no pulse
3. CItching between the toes of both feet
4. DSwelling, pain, warmth and redness of one calf

What is the first phase of wound healing?

1. AProliferation
2. BHaemostasis
3. CEpithelialisation
4. DMaturation

Why are swabs, sharps and instruments counted during surgery?

1. ATo calculate the cost of the operation
2. BTo check the stock in the store room
3. CTo decide how long the operation took
4. DTo prevent items being left inside the patient

After a spinal anaesthetic, which nursing check is particularly important?

1. APeak flow before and after each meal
2. BReturn of leg sensation and movement, and passing urine
3. CBlood glucose every 15 minutes overnight
4. DPupil reaction every five minutes for the next full day

In the UK National Early Warning Score (NEWS2), what does an aggregate score of 5 or more usually trigger?

1. ADischarge planning for the next day
2. BRoutine observations once every 12 hours, with no other change in care
3. CNo change unless the patient complains
4. DAn urgent review by a clinician skilled in acute illness

Mengapa penting bila pasien yang menggunakan opioid menjadi lebih tersedasi?

1. ASedasi berarti nyeri kini terkontrol penuh dan aman
2. BSedasi berarti kini dibutuhkan dosis yang lebih tinggi
3. CSedasi yang meningkat biasanya mendahului depresi napas
4. DSedasi adalah efek yang tidak berbahaya dan diharapkan dari semua opioid

Seorang pasien dengan PCA opioid menerima oksigen melalui masker. SpO₂ 97% dan laju napas 11/menit, tetapi kini sulit dibangunkan. Apa kesimpulan perawat?

1. ADosis PCA harus dinaikkan agar pasien tetap nyaman
2. BPasien aman, karena saturasi oksigen normal
3. CToksisitas opioid kemungkinan besar; oksigen mungkin menutupi hipoventilasi
4. DPasien hanya tidur nyenyak, karena nyeri terkontrol

An 80 kg adult has 30% TBSA partial- and full-thickness burns. Using the Parkland formula, how much crystalloid is planned for the first 8 hours from the time of the burn?

1. A2400 mL
2. B3200 mL
3. C4800 mL
4. D9600 mL