Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: saluran cerna, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawaban

What is the main serious risk of paracetamol (acetaminophen) overdose?

1. AStomach bleeding
2. BLiver damage
3. CRespiratory depression
4. DHearing loss

In TNM staging of cancer, what does "N" describe?

1. AThe number of tumours in the body
2. BSpread to nearby lymph nodes
3. CThe new cells formed after treatment
4. DThe nerve damage caused by the tumour

Which features are typical of a superficial partial-thickness burn?

1. ARedness only, with no blisters, like sunburn
2. BDry, white, leathery skin with no pain
3. CBlisters, a moist pink base and severe pain
4. DCharred skin with exposed muscle and bone

Why are carbohydrate drinks often given before surgery in enhanced recovery programmes?

1. ATo replace the need for any IV fluids afterwards
2. BTo reduce insulin resistance and improve recovery
3. CTo make the bowels open before the operation
4. DTo raise the blood pressure during the anaesthetic

Why is a urinary catheter usually inserted in a patient with a major burn?

1. ABurns always cause the bladder to rupture
2. BIt is needed to give medicines into the bladder
3. CHourly urine output guides fluid resuscitation
4. DThe catheter prevents wound infection

Balutan mana yang umumnya sesuai untuk luka dengan eksudat banyak?

1. AKasa kering yang diganti mingguan
2. BAlginat atau foam
3. CFilm transparan tipis
4. DLembar hidrogel

Seorang pasien obstruksi usus mengalami nyeri hebat konstan (tidak lagi kolik), demam, denyut jantung 120/menit, dan abdomen kaku dan nyeri tekan. Apa yang ditunjukkan hal ini?

1. AStrangulasi atau perforasi yang membutuhkan tinjauan bedah segera
2. BKemajuan normal yang hanya membutuhkan analgesia sederhana teratur
3. CObstruksi mereda karena usus mulai bergerak
4. DKonstipasi yang harus diobati dengan pencahar stimulan

After surgery, a patient says they have "no pain" but grimaces, breathes shallowly and refuses to move or cough. What should the nurse do?

1. AAccept the statement and record a pain score of 0
2. BInsist they walk without any analgesia
3. CExplore their beliefs and explain how analgesia aids recovery
4. DTell the patient firmly that they must stop hiding their pain from staff