Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: saluran cerna, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawaban

What is dumping syndrome after gastric surgery?

1. ASlow emptying of the stomach causing food to stay for days
2. BRapid passage of food from the stomach into the small bowel
3. CLeakage of bile from the liver into the abdominal cavity
4. DReflux of bowel contents back into the oesophagus

Mengapa selang nasogastrik sering dipasang pada obstruksi usus?

1. AUntuk memberikan pencahar guna membersihkan obstruksi
2. BUntuk memberikan makanan tinggi serat langsung melewati sumbatan
3. CUntuk dekompresi lambung dan mengurangi muntah
4. DUntuk mengukur tekanan di dalam usus

Why does chemotherapy often affect the bone marrow, gut lining and hair?

1. AThese tissues are the main sites of cancer
2. BThese tissues contain rapidly dividing cells
3. CThese tissues have no blood supply
4. DThese tissues store the chemotherapy drugs

Patients on immune checkpoint inhibitors may develop immune-related side effects. Which symptom should they report promptly?

1. AMild tiredness after a busy day
2. BSlight hair thinning over months
3. CNew diarrhoea or abdominal pain
4. DA small bruise after a knock

Which advice has good evidence for reducing cancer-related fatigue?

1. ADrinking several strong coffees every evening
2. BComplete bed rest for the whole course of treatment
3. CAvoiding all daily activities
4. DRegular light to moderate activity, such as walking

Why is a urinary catheter usually inserted in a patient with a major burn?

1. AIt is needed to give medicines into the bladder
2. BThe catheter prevents wound infection
3. CHourly urine output guides fluid resuscitation
4. DBurns always cause the bladder to rupture

Beberapa jam setelah kateter epidural dilepas, seorang pasien yang menggunakan antikoagulan mengalami nyeri punggung dan kelemahan tungkai yang memburuk. Apa yang harus dicurigai?

1. AHematoma epidural, yang membutuhkan tinjauan darurat dan MRI
2. BUlkus tekan sakrum yang menyebabkan nyeri tungkai alih
3. CHilangnya efek blok epidural secara normal sepanjang hari
4. DInfeksi saluran kemih yang menyebabkan nyeri punggung

A nurse teaches a carer about overnight tube feeding at home. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I'll let him lie flat so he sleeps better while the feed runs."
2. B"I'll check the external length mark on the tube every day."
3. C"I'll flush the tube with water before and after his medicines."
4. D"I'll stop the feed and call if he coughs or struggles to breathe."