Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: saluran cerna, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawaban

What is atelectasis?

1. AInfection of the surgical wound
2. BSwelling of both ankles caused by lying in bed after surgery
3. CCollapse of small air sacs in part of the lung
4. DA blood clot in a leg vein

What is brachytherapy?

1. ASurgery to remove a tumour through a small incision
2. BRadiotherapy from a sealed source placed in or next to the tumour
3. CChemotherapy given slowly into a vein over several hours each day
4. DRadiotherapy given by a machine from outside the body

Pertolongan pertama mana yang direkomendasikan untuk luka bakar termal?

1. AMentega atau minyak dioleskan pada luka bakar
2. BAir mengalir dingin selama sekitar 20 menit
3. CEs ditempelkan langsung pada luka bakar selama 20 menit
4. DMemecahkan lepuh segera

A patient on warfarin is booked for elective surgery with a high bleeding risk. What is usual practice?

1. ASwap to aspirin on the morning of surgery
2. BDouble the dose for a week so the blood is ready for surgery
3. CStop it about 5 days before and check the INR
4. DTake the usual dose on the morning of surgery

Which statement correctly describes physical dependence on opioids?

1. AThe patient is allergic to opioids
2. BThe patient always craves the drug and misuses it despite harm
3. CWithdrawal occurs if the drug is stopped suddenly
4. DThe drug no longer has any side effects

After laparoscopic cholecystectomy, a patient has pain in the right shoulder. What is the most likely cause?

1. AA dislocated shoulder from patient positioning
2. BA heart attack during the operation
3. CGas used during surgery irritating the diaphragm
4. DAn allergy to the dressing on the wound

A patient has sharp, tearing pain on passing stool, "like passing glass", with a streak of fresh blood. Which condition is most likely?

1. ACrohn's disease of the ileum
2. BAnal fissure
3. CUpper GI bleeding
4. DColorectal cancer

A patient on immunotherapy for melanoma has six watery stools a day and abdominal cramps. What should the nurse do?

1. AAdvise eating more fibre and fruit to firm up the stools
2. BReassure that diarrhoea is normal and harmless
3. CEscalate urgently, as immune-related colitis is likely
4. DGive loperamide and review next week