Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: saluran cerna, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawaban

Which symptom is typical of haemorrhoids?

1. AYellow skin, dark urine and pale stools that float in the toilet
2. BVomiting of dark, coffee-ground material
3. CBlack, tarry stools with a strong smell
4. DBright red blood on the paper after opening the bowels

Why are pressure areas padded when a patient is positioned for surgery?

1. ATo warm the patient during the procedure
2. BTo prevent pressure injury and nerve damage
3. CTo keep the patient from moving during the operation
4. DTo make the operating table look tidy

What is a Hartmann's procedure?

1. APlacing a stent in the bile duct
2. BJoining the stomach directly to the small bowel
3. CRemoval of the gallbladder through several small abdominal incisions
4. DRemoval of part of the colon with an end colostomy and rectal stump

Which patient is at highest risk of refeeding syndrome?

1. AA healthy adult after an overnight fast for minor surgery
2. BA patient who missed one lunch because of a scan
3. CAn underweight patient who has eaten very little for 10 days
4. DA patient with a normal BMI eating three meals a day

Why are antimotility drugs such as loperamide avoided in C. difficile infection?

1. AThey may keep toxin in the bowel and risk toxic megacolon
2. BThey make the stool sample test positive falsely
3. CThey kill the normal bowel bacteria
4. DThey cause serious liver failure in most patients who take them

Seorang pasien dengan konduit ileum (urostomi) khawatir tentang lendir dalam urine. Penjelasan yang benar apa?

1. ANormal, karena konduit dibuat dari usus halus
2. BTanda batu ginjal dan harus dilaporkan hari ini
3. CMenunjukkan obstruksi usus sedang berkembang
4. DBerarti stoma gagal dan memerlukan operasi

Which preoperative task can a registered nurse usually delegate to a healthcare assistant (nursing assistant)?

1. ADeciding whether abnormal results need reporting
2. BAssessing the patient's understanding of the surgery
3. CRecording baseline vital signs
4. DTeaching the patient how to use a PCA pump

Pada hari ke-6 setelah operasi abdomen, seorang pasien mengatakan ada sesuatu yang "terbuka" saat batuk, dan usus terlihat melalui luka. Apa yang harus segera dilakukan perawat?

1. AMemberi pasien makanan ringan untuk menenangkan sambil menunggu tim
2. BMembiarkan luka terbuka dan mendudukkan pasien tegak penuh di tempat tidur
3. CMendorong usus kembali dengan lembut dan merekatkan tepi luka dengan kuat
4. DMenutup dengan balutan steril basah salin, menekuk lutut, memanggil dokter bedah