Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: saluran cerna, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawaban

Mengapa ikterus berkembang pada penyakit hati?

1. AHati membuat terlalu banyak sel darah merah sekaligus
2. BPigmen kuning dari makanan tersimpan di kulit
3. CBilirubin menumpuk karena hati tidak dapat membersihkannya
4. DGinjal membuat terlalu banyak urea untuk tubuh

Dengan aturan sembilan pada orang dewasa, berapa persen luas permukaan tubuh satu lengan utuh?

1. A9%
2. B36%
3. C18%
4. D1%

What is a PEG tube?

1. AA thin tube passed through the nose and down into the small bowel area
2. BA drain placed in the chest to remove air
3. CA feeding tube placed through the abdominal wall into the stomach
4. DA catheter placed in a large vein for medicines

A patient has taken oral prednisolone daily for many months. Why is this important before surgery?

1. AThey may need extra steroid cover to prevent an adrenal crisis
2. BSteroids prevent all wound infections after surgery
3. CSteroids make the anaesthetic drugs last much longer
4. DSteroids must always be stopped a full week before any type of surgery

Skor mana yang digunakan untuk menilai risiko pada perdarahan saluran cerna atas sebelum endoskopi?

1. ASkor risiko ulkus tekan Waterlow
2. BSkor Wells untuk TVD
3. CGlasgow Coma Scale
4. DSkor Glasgow-Blatchford

Which statement about moist wound healing is correct?

1. AWounds heal fastest when left to dry out and form a scab
2. BWounds should be soaked in water for hours every day
3. CA wet wound bed always prevents infection
4. DA moist, not wet, wound bed helps cells move and heal faster

On day 5 after hip surgery, a patient suddenly becomes breathless, with sharp chest pain on breathing in, a pulse of 120/min and SpO₂ 89%. What should the nurse suspect and do first?

1. AAnxiety; give reassurance and repeat the observations in an hour's time
2. BPulmonary embolism; sit up, give oxygen and call for urgent help
3. CWound infection; take a wound swab and wait for results
4. DSimple atelectasis; encourage walking around the ward

On day 3 after laparoscopic cholecystectomy, a patient has abdominal pain, fever and mild jaundice, and green fluid is draining from the drain. What is most likely?

1. AUrinary retention
2. BNormal post-operative drainage
3. CA wound haematoma
4. DA bile leak