Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: saluran cerna, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawaban

Which diet is usually advised to help prevent symptoms of diverticular disease?

1. AA low-fibre diet with very little fluid
2. BA high-fibre diet with plenty of fluids
3. CA diet based mainly on red meat
4. DA diet with no fruit or vegetables

Which is a role of the scrub practitioner in theatre?

1. AMoving equipment outside the sterile field only
2. BPreparing and passing sterile instruments
3. CObtaining the patient's surgical consent
4. DGiving the anaesthetic drugs to the patient

Tanda mana yang menunjukkan cedera inhalasi pada pasien luka bakar?

1. ALuka bakar wajah, bulu hidung hangus, jelaga, dan suara serak
2. BLuka bakar di satu kaki dengan sensasi normal
3. CTerbakar matahari di punggung setelah seharian di luar ruangan
4. DLepuh di satu jari akibat menyentuh gagang panci panas

Why are laxatives and enemas avoided when appendicitis is suspected?

1. AThey always cause the appendix to bleed heavily
2. BThey make the blood tests impossible to read
3. CThey stop antibiotics from being absorbed
4. DThey may increase the risk of perforation

A patient is starting regular oral morphine. Which bowel advice is most appropriate?

1. AStop eating fibre completely
2. BTake a bulk-forming laxative only with very little water
3. CWait until there has been no stool for a week
4. DStart a regular laxative at the same time

Patients on immune checkpoint inhibitors may develop immune-related side effects. Which symptom should they report promptly?

1. AMild tiredness after a busy day
2. BNew diarrhoea or abdominal pain
3. CA small bruise after a knock
4. DSlight hair thinning over months

During radiotherapy to the chest, a patient develops pain on swallowing and is eating less. What is the most likely cause and nursing focus?

1. AA stomach ulcer; give an antacid after meals only
2. BNormal ageing; no action needed
3. CA heart attack; give aspirin and arrange an ECG
4. DRadiation oesophagitis; analgesia, soft food and nutrition support

After signing the consent form, a patient tells the nurse, "I don't really understand what they are going to do." What should the nurse do?

1. AIgnore the comment because the form is already signed
2. BReassure the patient that the surgeon knows best
3. CExplain the surgical risks in detail without involving the surgeon
4. DInform the surgeon so that the procedure can be explained again