Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: saluran cerna, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawaban

A patient receiving external beam radiotherapy asks whether they are radioactive. What is correct?

1. AOnly their clothes are radioactive afterwards
2. BNo, they are not radioactive and can be with family
3. CYes, so they must avoid all contact with children and pregnant women
4. DYes, for one month after each session

What is brachytherapy?

1. ARadiotherapy given by a machine from outside the body
2. BChemotherapy given slowly into a vein over several hours each day
3. CRadiotherapy from a sealed source placed in or next to the tumour
4. DSurgery to remove a tumour through a small incision

Which diet is usually advised to help prevent symptoms of diverticular disease?

1. AA diet with no fruit or vegetables
2. BA low-fibre diet with very little fluid
3. CA diet based mainly on red meat
4. DA high-fibre diet with plenty of fluids

Why are laxatives and enemas avoided when appendicitis is suspected?

1. AThey stop antibiotics from being absorbed
2. BThey always cause the appendix to bleed heavily
3. CThey make the blood tests impossible to read
4. DThey may increase the risk of perforation

Apa perbedaan klinis utama antara obstruksi usus halus dan usus besar?

1. AUsus halus: muntah dini, distensi lebih sedikit; usus besar: muntah lebih lambat, distensi nyata
2. BTidak ada perbedaan klinis; hanya CT scan yang dapat membedakannya
3. CUsus halus: tidak ada muntah sama sekali; usus besar: muntah deras dini tanpa distensi
4. DUsus halus: hanya distensi nyata; usus besar: tanpa nyeri, tanpa muntah, dan tanpa distensi sama sekali

Which advice has good evidence for reducing cancer-related fatigue?

1. AComplete bed rest for the whole course of treatment
2. BAvoiding all daily activities
3. CRegular light to moderate activity, such as walking
4. DDrinking several strong coffees every evening

After forearm fracture surgery, a patient has severe pain not eased by opioids, made worse by passively moving the fingers. What should the nurse do?

1. AApply ice and a tighter bandage to reduce the swelling
2. BLoosen any tight dressing, keep the arm at heart level and escalate
3. CReassure the patient that this pain is expected
4. DRaise the arm as high as possible and give a further dose of opioid

A patient with active cancer on chemotherapy develops new swelling and pain in one calf. Why must this be reported promptly?

1. ACancer and its treatment greatly increase clot risk
2. BCalf swelling is a normal effect of chemotherapy
3. CThe swelling shows the cancer has gone
4. DIt is only a muscle strain from walking