Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: saluran cerna, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawaban

What is atelectasis?

1. AA blood clot in a leg vein
2. BSwelling of both ankles caused by lying in bed after surgery
3. CInfection of the surgical wound
4. DCollapse of small air sacs in part of the lung

Which three principles reduce staff radiation exposure when caring for a patient with a sealed radiation source?

1. ATime, distance and shielding
2. BHeat, light and humidity
3. CGloves, gown and mask
4. DSpeed, noise and lighting

Which two sites are most common for pressure ulcers in patients lying in bed?

1. AThe thighs and the upper arms
2. BThe forearms and the knees
3. CThe sacrum and the heels
4. DThe palms and the forehead

After a spinal anaesthetic, which nursing check is particularly important?

1. AReturn of leg sensation and movement, and passing urine
2. BPupil reaction every five minutes for the next full day
3. CPeak flow before and after each meal
4. DBlood glucose every 15 minutes overnight

Which statement about pain relief in acute pancreatitis is correct?

1. APain relief should be withheld until the diagnosis is certain
2. BOpioids must never be used in pancreatitis
3. COnly paracetamol may be given
4. DOpioids can be used, and good analgesia is a priority

Why is pethidine (meperidine) generally avoided for regular pain relief?

1. AIt has no pain-relieving effect at all in adults
2. BA metabolite can build up and cause seizures
3. CIt always causes severe diarrhoea
4. DIt can only be given by mouth

Mengapa nalokson biasanya diberikan dalam dosis kecil berulang pada pasien pascaoperasi dengan depresi napas akibat opioid?

1. AKarena dosis besar nalokson tidak memberi efek tambahan sama sekali
2. BAgar opioid bekerja lebih cepat dan lebih kuat
3. CKarena dosis tinggi nalokson menyebabkan depresi napas
4. DUntuk memulihkan pernapasan tanpa menyebabkan nyeri hebat dan putus obat

Kulit di sekitar ileostomi pasien merah, lecet, dan berair, dan kantong sering bocor. Apa penyebab yang paling mungkin?

1. AAlergi terhadap feses itu sendiri, yang memerlukan steroid
2. BReaksi normal yang tidak memerlukan perubahan perawatan
3. CKeluaran mengenai kulit, sering akibat alat yang tidak pas
4. DIskemia stoma, yang memerlukan operasi segera