Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: saluran cerna, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawaban

What is an ERCP?

1. AA CT scan of the abdomen without contrast
2. BAn open operation to remove the gallbladder
3. CAn endoscopic test to view and treat the bile and pancreatic ducts
4. DA blood test that measures pancreatic enzymes

What is slough in a wound?

1. APink, new skin at the wound edge
2. BRed, healthy granulation tissue
3. CYellow, soft, stringy dead tissue
4. DA thick, hard black crust

Which sign is typical of hepatic encephalopathy?

1. AA fine rash over the chest and arms
2. BA flapping tremor of the outstretched hands
3. CA drooping eyelid on one side
4. DA stiff neck with sensitivity to light

A dying patient can no longer drink. Which mouth care is most appropriate?

1. AFrequent, gentle moistening of the mouth and lips
2. BNo mouth care, to avoid disturbing the patient
3. CLemon and glycerine swabs every hour to stimulate saliva
4. DBrushing hard with a stiff toothbrush twice a day

Which advice helps a patient with haemorrhoids?

1. ATake a codeine-based painkiller every day
2. BEat less fibre so that stools are smaller
3. CSit on the toilet for long periods to empty fully
4. DEat more fibre, drink enough fluid and avoid straining

Apa yang dimaksud dengan ileus paralitik?

1. AInfeksi dinding usus dengan demam
2. BHilangnya gerakan usus tanpa sumbatan fisik
3. CSumbatan lumen usus oleh tumor
4. DPelintiran usus besar yang memutus suplai darahnya

Why is an SGLT2 inhibitor such as dapagliflozin usually withheld before surgery?

1. AIt raises the risk of ketoacidosis, even with near-normal glucose
2. BIt causes the surgical wound to bleed more
3. CIt interacts with all general anaesthetic gases and stops them working
4. DIt makes the patient's potassium dangerously high

A colleague suggests giving a saline injection to see whether a patient's pain is "real". What is the best response?

1. AIt is a good idea, as long as the patient is not told about it afterwards
2. BIt should be done only for patients with chronic pain
3. CIt is acceptable if a senior nurse gives the saline
4. DDeceptive placebos are unethical and do not show pain is "fake"