Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: saluran cerna, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawaban

Which skin care advice is usual during external beam radiotherapy?

1. AWash gently with lukewarm water and pat dry
2. BScrub the treated area daily to remove the skin marks
3. CUse perfumed lotions to keep the skin soft
4. DApply a hot water bottle to soothe the area

What does a faecal immunochemical test (FIT) detect?

1. AHidden human blood in the stool
2. BFat in the stool from poor absorption
3. CParasites and their eggs in the stool
4. DBacteria that cause food poisoning

What is portal hypertension?

1. AHigh blood pressure in the arteries of the arms and legs
2. BRaised pressure in the portal venous system to the liver
3. CHigh pressure inside the skull
4. DRaised pressure in the lungs from heart failure

Which statement correctly describes physical dependence on opioids?

1. AThe patient is allergic to opioids
2. BThe drug no longer has any side effects
3. CThe patient always craves the drug and misuses it despite harm
4. DWithdrawal occurs if the drug is stopped suddenly

Which is a recognised cause of anaphylaxis during surgery?

1. ASterile normal saline
2. BChlorhexidine skin preparation
3. CThe patient's own blood from cell salvage
4. DA warmed blanket

Apa peran pembatasan natrium dan spironolakton pada sirosis?

1. AMenurunkan amonia darah dan mengobati ensefalopati
2. BMeningkatkan kehilangan kalium dan mencegah hiperkalemia
3. CMenaikkan tekanan darah dan memperbaiki aliran darah ginjal
4. DMengurangi retensi natrium dan air serta mengendalikan asites

Seorang pasien yang menjalani pemasangan stent koroner dua bulan lalu, menggunakan aspirin dan klopidogrel, datang dengan melena dan kini stabil. Pendekatan mana yang paling tepat terhadap obat antiplatelet?

1. AMenggandakan kedua dosis, karena perdarahan berarti stent berisiko lebih besar membeku
2. BMelanjutkan kedua obat tanpa perubahan dan tidak menyebutkan perdarahan kepada tim
3. CMenghentikan kedua obat secara permanen, karena perdarahan apa pun berarti obat tidak lagi aman
4. DMelaporkan perdarahan; tim memutuskan dengan masukan kardiologi, menyeimbangkan perdarahan terhadap trombosis stent

A patient with lung cancer becomes hypotensive and breathless, with distended neck veins and quiet heart sounds. What should the nurse suspect?

1. AHypercalcaemia of malignancy from bone metastases
2. BCardiac tamponade from a pericardial effusion
3. CA side effect of anti-sickness drugs
4. DSuperior vena cava obstruction from the tumour