Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: saluran cerna, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawaban

How is hepatitis B mainly spread?

1. AOnly by coughing and sneezing
2. BOnly by eating undercooked shellfish from polluted water
3. CThrough blood, sexual contact and from mother to baby
4. DThrough touching door handles and shaking hands

Radiotherapy to the pelvis commonly causes which side effects?

1. ACough and breathlessness
2. BDiarrhoea and frequent, painful passing of urine
3. CDry mouth and changes in taste for many months afterwards
4. DHair loss from the scalp

How is parenteral nutrition given?

1. AInto the muscle of the thigh
2. BBy mouth as a thick supplement drink
3. CInto a vein, usually through a central line
4. DThrough a nasogastric tube into the stomach

Why is the time a surgical limb tourniquet is inflated carefully recorded?

1. AThe tourniquet slowly loses all its air after one minute
2. BThe surgeon is paid per minute of use
3. CLong inflation can cause nerve and muscle damage
4. DIt shows how long the anaesthetic gas was used

Seberapa besar lubang alat stoma harus dipotong?

1. AUkuran apa pun, asalkan stoma tertutup
2. BSekitar 2 cm lebih besar dari stoma di sekelilingnya
3. CSedikit lebih kecil dari stoma untuk segel yang ketat
4. DSekitar 2–3 mm lebih besar dari stoma di sekelilingnya

Which treatment often relieves pain from a bone metastasis?

1. APalliative radiotherapy to the area
2. BIron supplements by mouth for several months
3. CComplete bed rest for a month
4. DA diet low in calcium and vitamin D

On the morning of elective hip surgery, a patient says she took her usual warfarin last night despite being told to stop. What should the nurse do?

1. AProceed with the usual checklist and say nothing
2. BInform the surgical and anaesthetic teams, who will check the INR
3. CTell her the surgery must be cancelled for a month
4. DGive a double dose of vitamin K by mouth without waiting for a prescription

Seorang pasien menjalani terapi luka tekanan negatif (NPWT). Pompa berbunyi alarm dan balutan kehilangan segelnya. Tindakan mana yang paling tepat?

1. AMengisi luka dengan kasa kering di atas foam dan merekatkannya dengan ketat
2. BMenaikkan hisapan ke pengaturan maksimum untuk menarik segel kembali
3. CMemulihkan segel; bila gagal tepat waktu, ganti dengan balutan lembap
4. DMembiarkan foam di dalam luka tanpa hisapan selama beberapa hari sampai ditinjau