Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: saluran cerna, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawaban

Cairan apa yang biasanya digunakan untuk resusitasi awal luka bakar pada orang dewasa?

1. ALarutan glukosa 50% IV
2. BAir steril untuk injeksi, diberikan IV
3. CMinuman soda kola oral
4. DHartmann (Ringer laktat)

What is the key difference between a benign and a malignant tumour?

1. AA benign tumour always grows faster than a malignant one
2. BA benign tumour always spreads to the lymph nodes
3. CA malignant tumour never needs any treatment
4. DA malignant tumour invades nearby tissue and can spread

In many adult guidelines, how long before an elective anaesthetic can clear fluids usually be drunk?

1. AUp to 12 hours before
2. BUp to 2 hours before
3. CUp to 10 minutes before
4. DUp to 24 hours before

Pendekatan transfusi sel darah merah mana pada pasien stabil dengan perdarahan saluran cerna yang sesuai dengan bukti terkini?

1. ATidak pernah mentransfusi, berapa pun hemoglobin atau gejalanya
2. BAmbang restriktif, sering sekitar 70 g/L, pada sebagian besar pasien stabil
3. CMentransfusi dua unit secara rutin sebelum setiap endoskopi
4. DMentransfusi semua orang agar hemoglobin selalu di atas 150 g/L

Before an anti-TNF biologic such as infliximab is started for Crohn's disease, which screening is essential?

1. AScreening for tuberculosis
2. BA test for coeliac disease
3. CA test of colour vision
4. DA bone density scan

Why is IV albumin often given after a large-volume paracentesis?

1. ATo prevent low blood pressure and kidney injury from fluid shifts
2. BTo raise the blood glucose after the procedure
3. CTo replace the clotting factors and platelets lost in the drained fluid
4. DTo treat infection in the ascitic fluid

In recovery, an awake and anxious patient cannot lift their head, and their breaths are shallow and weak. What is the most likely cause?

1. AOpioid overdose with pinpoint pupils
2. BResidual neuromuscular blockade
3. CA simple panic attack
4. DNormal tiredness after surgery

After a coughing fit, the external mark on a patient's nasogastric tube has moved 10 cm. Feed is due. What should the nurse do?

1. AGive the medicines only and save the feed for later
2. BDo not use the tube until its position is confirmed by policy
3. CPush the tube back to the original mark and start the feed
4. DStart the feed at a slow rate and watch for coughing