Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: saluran cerna, perioperatif & onkologi dengan jawaban

Which statement describes moderate ("conscious") sedation?

1. AThe patient cannot be roused by any stimulus, even a painful one
2. BThe patient is drowsy but responds to voice or light touch
3. CThe patient is fully alert and anxious
4. DThe patient needs a ventilator to breathe

What is the main purpose of a surgical wound drain?

1. ATo measure the patient's temperature
2. BTo feed the patient after surgery
3. CTo give IV fluids and antibiotics straight into the wound bed
4. DTo remove fluid or blood that collects at the operation site

What is Barrett's oesophagus?

1. AA change of the lower oesophageal lining to a stomach-like type
2. BA pouch in the upper oesophagus that traps food
3. CA tear in the oesophagus caused by forceful vomiting
4. DDilated veins in the lower oesophagus caused by portal hypertension

Why is pethidine (meperidine) generally avoided for regular pain relief?

1. AA metabolite can build up and cause seizures
2. BIt can only be given by mouth
3. CIt always causes severe diarrhoea
4. DIt has no pain-relieving effect at all in adults

After a percutaneous liver biopsy, how is the patient usually positioned at first?

1. AProne, with the head lower than the feet
2. BOn the right side, to press on the puncture site
3. COn the left side, to drain the liver
4. DSitting upright, with the legs over the edge of the bed

A patient is starting regular oral morphine. Which bowel advice is most appropriate?

1. ATake a bulk-forming laxative only with very little water
2. BStart a regular laxative at the same time
3. CWait until there has been no stool for a week
4. DStop eating fibre completely

A patient finds daily wound dressing changes very painful. What is the most effective nursing approach?

1. AChange the dressing less often than the plan says
2. BGive analgesia timed so it works during the dressing change
3. CAvoid analgesia so the patient can report any problems during the change
4. DDo the dressing quickly and give analgesia afterwards

In week 5 of radiotherapy, the skin in the treatment field is broken, moist and painful. What should the nurse do?

1. AUse a heat pad to speed healing
2. BScrub the area with soap to prevent infection
3. CReport it, keep it clean and use a non-adherent dressing
4. DApply adhesive tape directly over the area to protect it from clothing