Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: saraf, endokrin & ginjal dengan jawaban

What is a goitre?

1. AA tumour of the adrenal gland
2. BA swollen lymph node in the armpit
3. CAn enlarged thyroid gland
4. DAn overactive parathyroid gland

Which HbA1c result is commonly used as the threshold for diagnosing diabetes?

1. A30 mmol/mol (4,9%) or higher
2. B75 mmol/mol (9,0%) or higher
3. C48 mmol/mol (6,5%) or higher
4. D38 mmol/mol (5,6%) or higher

What is sciatica?

1. ACramp in the calf muscle after exercise, caused by low potassium levels
2. BStiffness of the hips in the morning
3. CPain in the front of the knee caused by arthritis
4. DPain that spreads down the back of the leg from an irritated nerve root

A patient has acute low back pain with no red flags. Which advice is most appropriate?

1. AStay in bed for two weeks until the pain is gone
2. BWear a rigid back brace all day and night for at least three months
3. CStay as active as possible and use simple pain relief
4. DAvoid all movement until an MRI scan has been done

Bagaimana cairan dialisis peritoneal dihangatkan sebelum digunakan?

1. ADalam penghangat panas kering khusus
2. BDigunakan dingin dari lemari es
3. CDalam oven microwave
4. DDalam mangkuk air keran panas

Why is all urine strained in a patient with suspected kidney stones?

1. ATo catch the stone so it can be analysed
2. BTo measure the urine volume more accurately
3. CTo stop the stone from blocking the toilet
4. DTo remove blood clots before testing

Seorang pasien KAD membaik: glukosa 9 mmol/L, keton 0,4 mmol/L, pH 7,36. Ia makan dan minum. Bagaimana insulin IV dihentikan?

1. AMenghentikan semua insulin, karena ketoasidosis telah teratasi sepenuhnya
2. BMemberikan insulin subkutan bersama makan, lalu menghentikan IV setelah tumpang tindih
3. CMenghentikan insulin IV sekarang dan memulai insulin subkutan besok
4. DMemberikan insulin subkutan hanya bila glukosa naik di atas 20 mmol/L

A patient with a cervical spinal cord injury is helped to sit up for the first time. They become dizzy and pale, and the BP falls from 110/70 to 78/46 mmHg. What should the nurse do?

1. ALower the patient back towards lying, then raise them gradually later
2. BContinue sitting them upright, because it will pass in an hour
3. CGive a large meal and a strong coffee to raise the blood pressure
4. DStand the patient up to improve the blood flow to the legs