Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: saraf, endokrin & ginjal dengan jawaban

Which cranial nerves are mainly involved in the gag reflex?

1. AGlossopharyngeal (IX) and vagus (X)
2. BOlfactory (I) and optic (II)
3. CTrigeminal (V) and facial (VII)
4. DOculomotor (III) and abducens (VI)

What is the main cause of type 1 diabetes?

1. AInsulin resistance caused mainly by excess body weight
2. BAutoimmune destruction of the insulin-making beta cells
3. CEating too much sugar and sweet food during childhood
4. DA lack of glucagon from the pancreas

What is exophthalmos?

1. ABulging of the eyes
2. BYellowing of the eyes
3. CDrooping of one eyelid
4. DLoss of the outer eyebrows

A man starts tamsulosin for BPH. Which teaching point is most important?

1. AStop it if the urine stream improves
2. BTake it with grapefruit juice to make it work better
3. CExpect the drug to shrink the prostate within a day
4. DStand up slowly, because it can make you dizzy

A patient with CKD is booked for a CT scan with iodinated contrast. Which measure helps protect the kidneys?

1. ARestricting all fluids for 24 hours before the scan
2. BDoubling the dose of contrast for a clearer image
3. CGiving a dose of ibuprofen before the scan
4. DGood hydration around the scan, often with IV fluids

Before surgery for a phaeochromocytoma, why is an alpha-blocker started before any beta-blocker?

1. AAlpha-blockers lower the blood glucose before surgery
2. BThe order of the two drugs makes no difference
3. CBeta-blockers given first would make the tumour grow faster
4. DA beta-blocker alone can cause a dangerous rise in BP

After a stroke, a patient suddenly cries or laughs at odd moments. They say they do not feel sad. Which response is most appropriate?

1. ATell the patient that crying will slow their recovery
2. BIgnore it, because it shows that the patient is seeking attention from the staff
3. CAsk the doctor for a sedative to stop the outbursts
4. DExplain that this is emotional lability after stroke and help the family understand

Seorang pasien dengan cedera medula spinalis T4 mengalami sakit kepala berdenyut, TD 210/110 mmHg, kulit memerah dan berkeringat di atas cedera, dan nadi 50/menit. Setelah mendudukkan pasien, apa prioritas berikutnya?

1. AMembaringkan pasien datar lagi dan mengangkat tungkai di atas bantal
2. BMemberikan bolus cairan IV cepat untuk menunjang sirkulasi
3. CMemberikan sedatif dan memeriksa ulang tekanan darah dalam satu jam
4. DMencari dan menyingkirkan pemicu, dimulai dari kandung kemih