Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: saraf, endokrin & ginjal dengan jawaban

What is the most common cause of dementia?

1. AMultiple sclerosis
2. BHuntington's disease
3. CAlzheimer's disease
4. DParkinson's disease

Nasihat perawatan kaki harian mana yang benar untuk penderita diabetes?

1. APeriksa kaki setiap hari dan jangan pernah berjalan tanpa alas kaki
2. BRendam kaki dalam air panas selama satu jam setiap hari
3. CPeriksa kaki setahun sekali di klinik
4. DSingkirkan kapalan sendiri di rumah dengan pisau cukur

What is the purpose of a steroid emergency card or medical alert ID?

1. ATo warn staff that extra steroid is needed in illness or injury
2. BTo record the patient's blood glucose results
3. CTo let the patient buy steroids without a prescription
4. DTo show that the patient is allergic to all types of steroid medicine

Which finding most suggests fluid overload in a patient with chronic kidney disease?

1. AA weight loss of 1 kg (2,2 lb) after a hot day
2. BA dry mouth and a low blood pressure when standing
3. CDark yellow urine and thirst
4. DA weight gain of 2 kg (4,4 lb) in two days with ankle swelling

A patient with multiple sclerosis says their symptoms get worse after a hot bath. What should the nurse explain?

1. AThis shows that the disease has entered a new progressive stage
2. BHot baths cause new areas of damage in the brain
3. CThey should take very cold baths to reverse the damage
4. DHeat can briefly worsen MS symptoms, which settle when they cool down

A patient on ciclosporin or tacrolimus asks about grapefruit juice. Which advice is correct?

1. ADrink it with each dose to improve the absorption
2. BAvoid it, because it can raise the drug levels
3. CDrink it daily to protect the kidney
4. DIt has no effect on these drugs

Seorang berusia 22 tahun dengan diabetes tipe 1 memiliki glukosa 28 mmol/L, keton 5,2 mmol/L, pH 7,10, dan kalium 5,9 mmol/L. Pernyataan mana tentang kalium yang benar?

1. AKalium tidak perlu diperiksa ulang setelah insulin dimulai
2. BKalium total tubuh tinggi, sehingga pengikat kalium diperlukan sekarang
3. CKalium total tubuh rendah, dan kadarnya akan turun dengan pengobatan
4. DInsulin harus ditahan untuk menjaga kadar kalium stabil

A patient's corrected calcium is 1,7 mmol/L (about 6,8 mg/dL). Which ECG change is most typical?

1. AST elevation in all leads
2. BTall, peaked T waves
3. CA shortened QT interval
4. DA prolonged QT interval