Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: saraf, endokrin & ginjal dengan jawaban

Apa yang ditunjukkan berat jenis urine kepada perawat?

1. ASeberapa pekat urine
2. BBerapa banyak protein dalam urine
3. CApakah urine mengandung bakteri
4. DBerapa banyak glukosa dalam darah

Apa yang dimaksud dengan cedera ginjal akut (AKI)?

1. AHilangnya fungsi ginjal yang lambat dan permanen selama bertahun-tahun
2. BBatu ginjal tanpa perubahan fungsi
3. CInfeksi bakteri pada jaringan ginjal
4. DPenurunan fungsi ginjal yang cepat dalam hitungan jam hingga hari

Which hormones are released from the posterior pituitary gland?

1. AGrowth hormone and prolactin
2. BADH (vasopressin) and oxytocin
3. CTSH and ACTH
4. DInsulin and cortisol

Which action is part of an effective bowel programme after a spinal cord injury?

1. AA routine at the same time each day, often after a meal
2. BAvoiding fibre to prevent bloating
3. CRestricting fluids to reduce the volume of stool
4. DUsing strong laxatives only when the bowel has not opened for a week

Which approach helps most when talking to a patient with expressive aphasia?

1. ASpeak louder, because the patient cannot hear well
2. BAsk questions that can be answered with yes, no or a gesture
3. CFinish their sentences quickly to save them effort
4. DAvoid talking to them until their speech has recovered

A patient with CKD is booked for a CT scan with iodinated contrast. Which measure helps protect the kidneys?

1. ARestricting all fluids for 24 hours before the scan
2. BGood hydration around the scan, often with IV fluids
3. CDoubling the dose of contrast for a clearer image
4. DGiving a dose of ibuprofen before the scan

A patient has erratic glucose readings. The nurse finds a soft, rubbery lump where they always inject. What is the most important teaching?

1. AMassage the lump firmly after every injection
2. BDouble the insulin dose because the lump blocks the insulin
3. CKeep injecting into the lump, because it hurts less there
4. DUse healthy sites and check glucose often, as less insulin may be needed

Seorang perempuan dengan epilepsi yang mengonsumsi valproat mengatakan ia merencanakan kehamilan. Respons mana yang paling tepat?

1. AMenyuruhnya berhenti total mengonsumsi valproat mulai hari ini
2. BMeyakinkannya bahwa valproat aman selama kehamilan
3. CMenyarankan tidak menghentikannya mendadak dan tinjauan spesialis segera
4. DMenyarankan menggandakan dosis untuk melindungi bayi dari kejang