Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: saraf, endokrin & ginjal dengan jawaban

Tapping the cheek in front of the ear makes the facial muscles twitch. What is this sign called?

1. AKernig's sign
2. BChvostek's sign
3. CTrousseau's sign
4. DBattle's sign

What is the main effect of parathyroid hormone (PTH)?

1. AIt lowers blood glucose
2. BIt raises blood calcium
3. CIt raises blood sodium
4. DIt lowers blood potassium

Which symptoms are classic for high blood glucose?

1. AJoint pain, morning stiffness and fever
2. BWeight gain, feeling cold all the time and dry skin
3. CShaking, sweating and a racing heart
4. DPassing a lot of urine, thirst and weight loss

A bladder scan straight after voiding shows 450 mL of urine still in the bladder. What does this show?

1. AThe patient is passing urine normally
2. BThe kidneys are making too little urine
3. CThe patient has drunk too little fluid
4. DThe bladder is not emptying properly

Why is IV calcium gluconate given in severe hyperkalaemia?

1. AIt removes potassium through the kidneys
2. BIt binds potassium in the gut
3. CIt protects the heart from arrhythmias
4. DIt moves potassium into the cells

Which side effects are common with oxybutynin for an overactive bladder?

1. ADiarrhoea and heavy sweating
2. BDry mouth and constipation
3. CWeight loss and a fast tremor
4. DA cough and a raised potassium

Seorang pasien diabetes tipe 1 puasa sebelum operasi besok. Rencana mana yang paling aman?

1. AMelanjutkan sebagian insulin (basal atau infus IV laju variabel) dengan pemeriksaan glukosa
2. BMemberikan insulin hanya bila keton urine menjadi sangat positif semalaman
3. CMemberikan insulin waktu makan biasa, meskipun tidak ada makanan yang akan dimakan
4. DMenghentikan semua insulin sampai pasien makan dan minum normal lagi

An older man was found on the floor after lying there for many hours. His urine is dark brown, and his creatine kinase is very high. What is the main kidney risk and the key treatment?

1. AA kidney stone, treated with strong pain relief
2. BHypothermia, treated with a fluid restriction
3. CA urinary infection, treated with oral antibiotics only
4. DAKI from rhabdomyolysis, treated with generous IV fluids