Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: saraf, endokrin & ginjal dengan jawaban

What is the usual first-line treatment for stress urinary incontinence in women?

1. ASurgery straight away
2. BRestricting fluids to half a litre a day
3. CPelvic floor muscle training
4. DA permanent urinary catheter

Bagaimana pasien dengan dugaan cedera tulang belakang harus dimiringkan?

1. ADiangkat pada lengan dan tungkai oleh satu orang
2. BDengan log-roll oleh tim yang menjaga kesejajaran tulang belakang
3. CDimiringkan pada bahu dahulu, lalu pinggul
4. DDiminta berguling perlahan sendiri

What is automated peritoneal dialysis?

1. AA single exchange done once a week
2. BDialysis in hospital through an arm fistula
3. CExchanges done overnight by a machine
4. DDialysis that needs no fluid at all

Which group of drugs is a well-known cause of SIADH and hyponatraemia, especially in older people?

1. APenicillin antibiotics
2. BBulk-forming laxatives
3. CProton pump inhibitors
4. DSSRI antidepressants

Bagaimana cairan dialisis peritoneal dihangatkan sebelum digunakan?

1. ADalam penghangat panas kering khusus
2. BDalam mangkuk air keran panas
3. CDigunakan dingin dari lemari es
4. DDalam oven microwave

Which statement about storing insulin is correct?

1. AInsulin that has been frozen can be used once it has thawed
2. BAll insulin must be stored in the freezer to keep it stable
3. CInsulin should be kept on a sunny windowsill to stay warm
4. DUnopened insulin goes in the fridge and must never be frozen

On day 6 after a subarachnoid haemorrhage, a patient becomes newly confused and develops weakness in one arm. The aneurysm was secured on day 1. What is the most likely cause?

1. ADelayed cerebral ischaemia from vasospasm
2. BRe-bleeding from the secured aneurysm
3. CHypoglycaemia from reduced eating
4. DNormal tiredness after major surgery

After a stroke, a patient suddenly cries or laughs at odd moments. They say they do not feel sad. Which response is most appropriate?

1. ATell the patient that crying will slow their recovery
2. BExplain that this is emotional lability after stroke and help the family understand
3. CIgnore it, because it shows that the patient is seeking attention from the staff
4. DAsk the doctor for a sedative to stop the outbursts