Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: saraf, endokrin & ginjal dengan jawaban

What is Trousseau's sign?

1. AHand spasm when a BP cuff is inflated on the arm
2. BTwitching of the face when the cheek is tapped
3. CPain in the calf when the foot is bent upwards
4. DBruising around the eyes after a head injury

Temuan mana yang khas untuk diabetes insipidus?

1. ARetensi cairan dengan natrium serum rendah
2. BUrine sangat pekat dalam volume kecil
3. CUrine encer dalam volume besar dan rasa haus hebat
4. DGlukosa darah tinggi dengan banyak glukosa dalam urine

Tindakan mana yang harus dihindari pada lengan dengan fistula hemodialisis?

1. AMenggerakkan lengan secara normal
2. BMeraba fistula dengan lembut untuk merasakan getaran
3. CManset tensimeter atau pengambilan sampel darah
4. DMencucinya dengan sabun dan air

Why should long-term steroid treatment not be stopped suddenly?

1. AThe steroids build up and become toxic after they are stopped
2. BStopping suddenly makes the bones grow too quickly and then fracture
3. CStopping causes the blood glucose to fall sharply
4. DThe suppressed adrenal glands cannot make enough cortisol at once

Why is levodopa combined with carbidopa (or benserazide)?

1. ATo stop levodopa being converted to dopamine outside the brain
2. BTo add a separate effect that reduces the resting tremor directly
3. CTo make levodopa cross into the brain more slowly and evenly
4. DTo prevent tolerance from developing to levodopa over time

A patient has Cushing's syndrome. Which nursing assessment is especially important?

1. AChecking for low blood pressure
2. BRegular blood glucose checks
3. CWatching for weight loss
4. DMonitoring for a high potassium

A patient with lung cancer is confused, dehydrated and constipated, with a corrected calcium of 3,4 mmol/L (about 13,6 mg/dL). What is usually the first treatment?

1. AA fluid restriction
2. BOral calcium tablets
3. CIV fluids to rehydrate the patient
4. DIV calcium gluconate and vitamin D

Seorang lansia dengan diabetes tipe 2 memiliki glukosa 48 mmol/L, osmolalitas 365 mOsm/kg, tanpa keton bermakna, dan kebingungan. Apa prioritas pertama?

1. AGlukosa oral untuk mencegah hipoglikemia selama pengobatan
2. BPembatasan cairan ketat untuk menghindari edema serebral
3. CBolus insulin IV besar untuk menormalkan glukosa dalam satu jam
4. DCairan IV yang hati-hati dengan pemeriksaan ketat osmolalitas, natrium, dan glukosa