Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: saraf, endokrin & ginjal dengan jawaban

What is a common complication after a lumbar puncture?

1. AA rapid rise in blood glucose
2. BLoss of hearing in one ear
3. CA headache that is worse when sitting or standing
4. DPermanent paralysis of both legs from nerve damage

How is chronic kidney disease defined?

1. AAny single raised creatinine result
2. BKidney pain lasting more than a week
3. CA sudden rise in creatinine over 48 hours after surgery
4. DAbnormal kidney function or structure for over 3 months

Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis typically follows which event?

1. AAn episode of bloody diarrhoea from food poisoning
2. BA long course of antibiotics for pneumonia
3. CA throat or skin infection a few weeks earlier
4. DA kidney stone passed the week before

Which action is part of an effective bowel programme after a spinal cord injury?

1. AA routine at the same time each day, often after a meal
2. BRestricting fluids to reduce the volume of stool
3. CUsing strong laxatives only when the bowel has not opened for a week
4. DAvoiding fibre to prevent bloating

Which blood gas pattern is typical of acute kidney injury?

1. AHigh pH and high bicarbonate
2. BLow pH and high carbon dioxide only
3. CHigh pH and low carbon dioxide
4. DLow pH and low bicarbonate

Which side effects are common with oxybutynin for an overactive bladder?

1. ADry mouth and constipation
2. BDiarrhoea and heavy sweating
3. CA cough and a raised potassium
4. DWeight loss and a fast tremor

A patient with a brain injury has a mean arterial pressure of 80 mmHg and an ICP of 25 mmHg. How should the nurse interpret this?

1. AThe cerebral perfusion pressure is 80 mmHg, which is normal
2. BThe cerebral perfusion pressure is 105 mmHg, which is too high
3. CThe ICP cannot affect brain perfusion if the blood pressure is normal
4. DThe cerebral perfusion pressure is 55 mmHg, below the usual target

A nurse teaches the family of a patient on insulin how to manage a severe hypo. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will give the glucagon as I was shown."
2. B"If she is unconscious, I will pour juice into her mouth."
3. C"When she can swallow, I will give her a snack."
4. D"I will put her on her side and call an ambulance straight away."