Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: saraf, endokrin & ginjal dengan jawaban

What is an arteriovenous fistula?

1. AA surgical join between an artery and a vein
2. BA catheter placed into the abdominal cavity
3. CA plastic tube placed in a large neck vein
4. DA blood clot that blocks an artery in the arm

Which description best fits type 2 diabetes?

1. AInsulin resistance with a relative lack of insulin
2. BToo much insulin released after meals
3. CAutoimmune destruction of all beta cells in childhood
4. DA total lack of insulin from birth

Which hormones are released from the posterior pituitary gland?

1. AInsulin and cortisol
2. BADH (vasopressin) and oxytocin
3. CTSH and ACTH
4. DGrowth hormone and prolactin

A nurse is teaching a patient going home after a mild concussion. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will return if my headache gets steadily worse."
2. B"I will come back if I start vomiting again and again."
3. C"Someone will stay with me for the first night."
4. D"A few drinks tonight will help me relax and sleep."

A patient on ciclosporin or tacrolimus asks about grapefruit juice. Which advice is correct?

1. ADrink it with each dose to improve the absorption
2. BDrink it daily to protect the kidney
3. CAvoid it, because it can raise the drug levels
4. DIt has no effect on these drugs

Why are insulin and glucose given together to treat hyperkalaemia?

1. AInsulin moves potassium into cells; glucose prevents a hypo
2. BInsulin protects the heart muscle cells from the potassium
3. CInsulin makes the kidneys pass more potassium in the urine
4. DGlucose binds the potassium in the blood and removes it

A patient with Parkinson's disease becomes agitated and confused at night. Which newly prescribed drug should the nurse question?

1. ALactulose
2. BHaloperidol
3. CMelatonin
4. DParacetamol (acetaminophen)

A patient with a long-term catheter has fever and rigors, and a catheter UTI is suspected. Which action is recommended before starting antibiotics?

1. ATake a sample from the drainage bag and send it to the lab
2. BReplace the catheter and take a sample from the new one
3. CFlush the catheter with saline and continue
4. DRemove the catheter and leave it out permanently