Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: saraf, endokrin & ginjal dengan jawaban

What is a common complication after a lumbar puncture?

1. ALoss of hearing in one ear
2. BA headache that is worse when sitting or standing
3. CA rapid rise in blood glucose
4. DPermanent paralysis of both legs from nerve damage

Temuan mana yang khas untuk diabetes insipidus?

1. AUrine sangat pekat dalam volume kecil
2. BGlukosa darah tinggi dengan banyak glukosa dalam urine
3. CUrine encer dalam volume besar dan rasa haus hebat
4. DRetensi cairan dengan natrium serum rendah

What is the main cause of type 1 diabetes?

1. AEating too much sugar and sweet food during childhood
2. BAutoimmune destruction of the insulin-making beta cells
3. CA lack of glucagon from the pancreas
4. DInsulin resistance caused mainly by excess body weight

How do DPP-4 inhibitors such as sitagliptin work?

1. AThey block glucose reabsorption in the kidney
2. BThey replace insulin that the pancreas cannot make
3. CThey prolong the action of gut incretin hormones
4. DThey stop the gut from absorbing fat

How does bladder training help urge incontinence?

1. AThe time between voids is slowly increased
2. BA catheter is used every night
3. CThe patient goes to the toilet every 15 minutes
4. DThe patient drinks as little as possible

A patient with type 1 diabetes has gastroenteritis and cannot eat. Which sick-day advice is correct?

1. AStop all insulin until normal eating restarts
2. BAvoid drinking fluids to reduce the vomiting
3. CCheck glucose once a day only and rest in bed until better
4. DKeep taking basal insulin and check glucose and ketones more often

Seorang berusia 22 tahun dengan diabetes tipe 1 memiliki glukosa 28 mmol/L, keton 5,2 mmol/L, pH 7,10, dan kalium 5,9 mmol/L. Pernyataan mana tentang kalium yang benar?

1. AInsulin harus ditahan untuk menjaga kadar kalium stabil
2. BKalium total tubuh tinggi, sehingga pengikat kalium diperlukan sekarang
3. CKalium tidak perlu diperiksa ulang setelah insulin dimulai
4. DKalium total tubuh rendah, dan kadarnya akan turun dengan pengobatan

A patient is being assessed for brain death (brainstem death). Which condition must be excluded before testing?

1. AA history of high blood pressure
2. BA haemoglobin of 110 g/L (11 g/dL)
3. CEffects of sedative drugs or severe hypothermia
4. DA previous episode of migraine