Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: saraf, endokrin & ginjal dengan jawaban

Why should people with diabetic neuropathy avoid walking barefoot?

1. AInsulin is absorbed less well from the feet and the legs
2. BBare feet lose too much heat through the skin
3. CWalking barefoot raises the blood glucose
4. DThey may not feel an injury, so it can go unnoticed

How is the headache of a subarachnoid haemorrhage typically described?

1. AOne-sided and throbbing, with an aura beforehand
2. BSlowly worsening over several weeks, worst in the morning
3. CSudden and severe, reaching its peak within about a minute
4. DA tight band around the head that comes and goes

What does a complete spinal cord injury mean?

1. AAll vertebrae in the neck are broken
2. BThe patient can move but cannot feel below the injury
3. CThe spinal cord has been cut into two separate pieces
4. DNo movement or feeling below the injury, even in the sacral area

Which group of drugs is a well-known cause of SIADH and hyponatraemia, especially in older people?

1. ASSRI antidepressants
2. BProton pump inhibitors
3. CPenicillin antibiotics
4. DBulk-forming laxatives

A patient has a nephrostomy tube. Which finding needs urgent action?

1. ALight pink urine on the first day after insertion
2. BA dry, intact dressing at the site
3. CDrainage that stops suddenly with new loin pain
4. DSteady urine drainage into the bag

Which approach helps most when talking to a patient with expressive aphasia?

1. ASpeak louder, because the patient cannot hear well
2. BFinish their sentences quickly to save them effort
3. CAsk questions that can be answered with yes, no or a gesture
4. DAvoid talking to them until their speech has recovered

A 74-year-old falls forward and hits their chin. Their arms are much weaker than their legs, and they have burning pain in the hands. Which injury is most likely?

1. ACentral cord syndrome
2. BBrown-Séquard syndrome
3. CA complete lumbar cord injury
4. DCauda equina syndrome

A patient with nephrotic syndrome suddenly has loin pain, blood in the urine and a rise in creatinine. What is a likely cause?

1. ANormal fluctuation in the disease
2. BToo much dietary protein
3. CA simple bladder infection
4. DRenal vein thrombosis