Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: saraf, endokrin & ginjal dengan jawaban

Bagaimana perawat memeriksa bahwa fistula arteriovena untuk hemodialisis berfungsi?

1. AMemeriksa nadi radial pada lengan yang lain
2. BMeraba getaran (thrill) dan mendengarkan bruit
3. CMengukur tekanan darah pada lengan dengan fistula
4. DMencari kemerahan di atas lokasi fistula

What is an early sign of kidney damage from diabetes?

1. ABlood in the urine that is visible
2. BSmall amounts of albumin in the urine
3. CA very low blood urea level
4. DPain felt in both kidneys at night

Which description best fits type 2 diabetes?

1. AInsulin resistance with a relative lack of insulin
2. BAutoimmune destruction of all beta cells in childhood
3. CA total lack of insulin from birth
4. DToo much insulin released after meals

A patient on insulin asks about drinking alcohol. Which advice is correct?

1. AAlcohol can cause hypos, even the next day, so eat carbs with it
2. BAlcohol should replace a meal on the days it is drunk
3. CAlcohol has no effect on blood glucose in people with diabetes
4. DAlcohol raises glucose, so extra insulin should be taken first

A patient with type 1 diabetes has gastroenteritis and cannot eat. Which sick-day advice is correct?

1. AAvoid drinking fluids to reduce the vomiting
2. BCheck glucose once a day only and rest in bed until better
3. CKeep taking basal insulin and check glucose and ketones more often
4. DStop all insulin until normal eating restarts

When the nurse squeezes the trapezius muscle, the patient brings a hand up above the collarbone towards the stimulus. Which GCS motor score is this?

1. A4, withdraws from pain
2. B6, obeys commands
3. C5, localises to pain
4. D3, abnormal flexion

A patient with SIADH is taught about a fluid restriction. Which statement shows a need for further teaching?

1. A"I will weigh myself every morning."
2. B"I will report any headaches or confusion."
3. C"If I feel thirsty, I can drink as much water as I like."
4. D"I will count all drinks, including soup, in my daily total."

A patient's potassium is 7,1 mmol/L, and the ECG shows peaked T waves and broad QRS complexes. What is the first treatment?

1. AIV calcium gluconate
2. BIV furosemide
3. COral potassium binder
4. DOral sodium bicarbonate