Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: saraf, endokrin & ginjal dengan jawaban

Jenis diabetes mana yang paling sering dikaitkan dengan ketoasidosis diabetik (KAD)?

1. ADiabetes insipidus
2. BPrediabetes
3. CDiabetes tipe 2 yang diobati hanya dengan diet
4. DDiabetes tipe 1

What is the normal range for total serum calcium in an adult?

1. AAbout 1,0–1,5 mmol/L (4,0–6,0 mg/dL)
2. BAbout 0,7–1,0 mmol/L (2,8–4,0 mg/dL)
3. CAbout 2,2–2,6 mmol/L (8,5–10,5 mg/dL)
4. DAbout 3,5–5,0 mmol/L (14–20 mg/dL)

Which symptoms are typical of uraemia in advanced kidney disease?

1. AHeat intolerance, tremor and weight loss
2. BItching, nausea, tiredness and poor appetite
3. CSevere flank pain with visible blood in the urine
4. DExcess thirst with a very high glucose

Seorang pasien dengan stroke hemisfer kanan mengabaikan makanan di sisi kiri piring. Apa nama kondisi ini?

1. ADisfagia
2. BNeglect sisi kiri
3. CAtaksia serebelar
4. DAfasia ekspresif

Several hours after a carotid endarterectomy, which finding needs the most urgent action?

1. AAn expanding neck swelling with noisy breathing
2. BA blood pressure slightly above the baseline
3. CMild pain at the incision site
4. DA small amount of dried blood on the dressing

Which nursing action helps most to prevent and manage delirium in an older inpatient?

1. ARestrain the patient so that they do not wander off the ward
2. BUse glasses and hearing aids and reorient the patient often
3. CKeep the lights on all night so the patient can see clearly
4. DMove the patient to a different room each day for variety

On the first day after a kidney transplant, urine output suddenly falls from 200 mL/h to 10 mL/h. What should the nurse check first?

1. AThe patient's blood glucose level
2. BThat the catheter is not blocked or kinked
3. CWhether the patient has eaten
4. DThe patient's temperature and pulse

A patient with lung cancer is confused, dehydrated and constipated, with a corrected calcium of 3,4 mmol/L (about 13,6 mg/dL). What is usually the first treatment?

1. AOral calcium tablets
2. BA fluid restriction
3. CIV calcium gluconate and vitamin D
4. DIV fluids to rehydrate the patient