Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: saraf, endokrin & ginjal dengan jawaban

How is the headache of a subarachnoid haemorrhage typically described?

1. ASlowly worsening over several weeks, worst in the morning
2. BOne-sided and throbbing, with an aura beforehand
3. CA tight band around the head that comes and goes
4. DSudden and severe, reaching its peak within about a minute

Which description fits a cluster headache?

1. AA mild band-like ache across both sides of the head
2. BA throbbing headache on both sides after drinking coffee
3. CSevere one-sided pain around the eye with a watery eye
4. DA slowly worsening headache over months with vomiting in the morning

In dialysis care, what does "dry weight" mean?

1. AThe weight after the patient has drunk nothing for a day
2. BThe weight measured with an empty bladder
3. CThe weight without excess fluid in the body
4. DThe weight of the patient's clothes

During continuous bladder irrigation, 3200 mL drains out in a shift. 2500 mL of irrigation fluid was put in. What is the true urine output?

1. A3200 mL
2. B2500 mL
3. C5700 mL
4. D700 mL

A patient with a new ileal conduit has threads of mucus in their urine. What should the nurse explain?

1. AThis proves a serious kidney infection
2. BThe kidneys have stopped working properly after surgery
3. CThis is a sign that the stoma is dying
4. DThis is normal, because the conduit is made from bowel

Pada pasien dengan cedera medula spinalis akut di C6, gambaran mana yang menunjukkan syok neurogenik?

1. ATekanan darah rendah, nadi lambat, dan kulit hangat dan kering
2. BTekanan darah normal, nadi cepat, dan demam tinggi
3. CTekanan darah rendah, nadi cepat, dan kulit dingin dan lembap
4. DTekanan darah tinggi, nadi lambat, dan sakit kepala berdenyut

The night after hip surgery, an 84-year-old becomes suddenly confused and tries to pull out their IV line. What is the most appropriate first step?

1. ATell the family that this is the start of dementia
2. BApply wrist restraints to protect the IV line
3. CLook for causes such as low oxygen, pain, retention or infection
4. DAsk for a strong sedative so that the patient can sleep

A patient taking an SGLT2 inhibitor is booked for major surgery. Which statement is correct?

1. AThe drug must be taken right up until the operation starts
2. BThe dose is usually doubled on the morning of surgery
3. CIt is usually paused in the days before surgery
4. DSurgery is not possible in patients taking this drug