Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: saraf, endokrin & ginjal dengan jawaban

Which statement about adult polycystic kidney disease is correct?

1. AIt is inherited, and cysts slowly enlarge both kidneys
2. BIt is caused by repeated urinary infections
3. CIt only ever affects one of the two kidneys
4. DIt is caused by drinking too little water

A patient with advanced CKD has a high potassium. Which foods are often limited?

1. AWhite rice, pasta and bread
2. BBananas, potatoes and oranges
3. CApples, berries and cabbage
4. DEgg whites, chicken and fish

What is the main cause of the movement problems in Parkinson's disease?

1. ALoss of dopamine-producing cells in the substantia nigra
2. BLoss of the myelin sheath around nerves in the brain and spinal cord
3. CAntibodies that attack acetylcholine receptors in muscle
4. DToo much dopamine released in the basal ganglia

A patient with CKD is booked for a CT scan with iodinated contrast. Which measure helps protect the kidneys?

1. ARestricting all fluids for 24 hours before the scan
2. BGood hydration around the scan, often with IV fluids
3. CDoubling the dose of contrast for a clearer image
4. DGiving a dose of ibuprofen before the scan

Skor Glasgow Coma Scale mana yang biasanya menunjukkan bahwa pasien mungkin tidak dapat melindungi jalan napasnya sendiri?

1. A11 atau lebih
2. B15
3. C8 atau kurang
4. D13 atau kurang

A patient has radioactive iodine treatment for hyperthyroidism. Which advice is correct?

1. AStart breastfeeding again the next day
2. BStay in strict isolation in hospital for several months
3. CLimit close contact with children and pregnant women for a time
4. DThere are no precautions, because the dose is tiny

A patient on insulin has worsening chronic kidney disease and is having more hypos. What is the best explanation?

1. AThe patient is eating far more carbohydrate than before
2. BKidney disease makes the body resistant to insulin
3. CThe kidneys clear less insulin, so it lasts longer
4. DKidney disease makes the meter read too low

Hiponatremia kronis seorang pasien dikoreksi dari 115 menjadi 132 mmol/L dalam 24 jam. Dua hari kemudian ia mengalami bicara pelo, kesulitan menelan, dan kelemahan anggota gerak. Apa penyebab yang paling mungkin?

1. AStroke baru yang tidak berkaitan dengan natrium
2. BPemulihan normal dari hiponatremia
3. CHipoglikemia akibat asupan buruk
4. DSindrom demielinasi osmotik