Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: saraf, endokrin & ginjal dengan jawaban

Which description best fits an absence seizure?

1. AJerking that starts in one hand and spreads up the arm
2. BStiffening and then jerking of all four limbs for several minutes
3. CA brief staring spell of a few seconds with a quick return to normal
4. DA sudden loss of muscle tone that makes the person fall

Kadar glukosa darah mana yang umum digunakan untuk mendefinisikan hipoglikemia pada penderita diabetes?

1. ADi bawah 10 mmol/L (sekitar 180 mg/dL)
2. BDi bawah 4,0 mmol/L (sekitar 70 mg/dL)
3. CDi bawah 7,0 mmol/L (sekitar 126 mg/dL)
4. DDi bawah 1,0 mmol/L (sekitar 18 mg/dL)

Which classic triad is described in renal cell carcinoma, although few patients have all three?

1. AFever, headache and a stiff neck
2. BHaematuria, flank pain and a palpable mass
3. CPolyuria, thirst and weight loss with tiredness
4. DDysuria, frequency and urgency

Pasien yang menggunakan fenitoin jangka panjang harus diedukasi tentang efek samping mana?

1. AGangguan pendengaran bertahap dan permanen
2. BRambut rontok di kulit kepala pada hampir semua pasien
3. CPenurunan berat badan dan tidak tahan panas
4. DPertumbuhan berlebih gusi, sehingga kebersihan mulut yang baik penting

A patient with a new ileal conduit has threads of mucus in their urine. What should the nurse explain?

1. AThis proves a serious kidney infection
2. BThe kidneys have stopped working properly after surgery
3. CThis is normal, because the conduit is made from bowel
4. DThis is a sign that the stoma is dying

Bagaimana tekanan perfusi serebral (CPP) dihitung?

1. ATekanan arteri rata-rata dikurangi tekanan intrakranial
2. BTekanan arteri rata-rata dibagi denyut jantung
3. CTekanan arteri sistolik ditambah tekanan intrakranial
4. DTekanan diastolik dikurangi tekanan vena sentral

A patient with a head injury now has a blood pressure of 190/70 mmHg, a pulse of 48/min and irregular breathing. How should the nurse interpret this?

1. AHypovolaemic shock from internal bleeding
2. BA normal stress response to pain, anxiety and the noise of the ward
3. CCushing's triad, a late sign of raised intracranial pressure
4. DNeurogenic shock from a spinal cord injury

Setelah tiroidektomi total, seorang pasien menjadi cemas dengan stridor dan pembengkakan tegang di leher. Apa yang harus dilakukan perawat pertama kali?

1. AMemasang kantong es di leher dan membaringkan pasien datar
2. BMeminta pasien berbicara sebanyak mungkin untuk menguji suara
3. CMemberikan analgesia dan menilai ulang pembengkakan satu jam kemudian
4. DMeminta bantuan darurat: hematoma dapat menekan jalan napas