Lembar kerja Medikal-bedah: saraf, endokrin & ginjal dengan jawaban

Mengapa CT scan kepala harus dilakukan sebelum trombolisis untuk stroke?

1. AUntuk mengukur sudah berapa lama gejala dimulai
2. BUntuk menyingkirkan perdarahan, yang akan diperburuk oleh trombolisis
3. CUntuk melihat apakah pasien juga mengalami fraktur tengkorak
4. DUntuk memeriksa apakah pasien pernah mengalami stroke sebelumnya

Which is the most important modifiable risk factor for stroke?

1. AFamily history of stroke
2. BHigh blood pressure
3. COlder age
4. DMale sex

What is the main effect of parathyroid hormone (PTH)?

1. AIt lowers blood potassium
2. BIt raises blood calcium
3. CIt lowers blood glucose
4. DIt raises blood sodium

A patient has just started levetiracetam. Which side effect should the nurse teach them to report?

1. AChanges in mood, such as irritability, low mood or anger
2. BSwelling and overgrowth of the gums around the teeth
3. COrange discoloration of the urine
4. DA persistent dry cough at night

Pasien yang menggunakan fenitoin jangka panjang harus diedukasi tentang efek samping mana?

1. ARambut rontok di kulit kepala pada hampir semua pasien
2. BPenurunan berat badan dan tidak tahan panas
3. CGangguan pendengaran bertahap dan permanen
4. DPertumbuhan berlebih gusi, sehingga kebersihan mulut yang baik penting

Why is once-daily prednisolone usually taken in the morning with food?

1. ABecause it cannot be absorbed at night
2. BTo match the natural cortisol rhythm and protect the stomach
3. CBecause food doubles the strength of the dose
4. DBecause it causes drowsiness and is safer to take during the day

An 84-year-old man became more confused a week after starting oxybutynin. Infection has been ruled out. What should the nurse suspect?

1. ANormal ageing that needs no review
2. BA symptom of a high potassium from the drug
3. CAnticholinergic side effects of the drug
4. DA sign that the drug dose is too low

A patient with lung cancer is confused, dehydrated and constipated, with a corrected calcium of 3,4 mmol/L (about 13,6 mg/dL). What is usually the first treatment?

1. AOral calcium tablets
2. BIV fluids to rehydrate the patient
3. CA fluid restriction
4. DIV calcium gluconate and vitamin D