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Which signs during a newborn's first feed suggest oesophageal atresia with a tracheo-oesophageal fistula?

1. AProjectile vomiting that starts at 4 weeks
2. BSleeping through feeds and passing pale stools
3. CCoughing, choking and cyanosis
4. DA strong suck and rapid weight gain

Egocentrism and magical thinking are typical of which of Piaget's stages?

1. APreoperational stage (about 2 to 7 years)
2. BFormal operational stage (about 11 years onwards)
3. CConcrete operational stage (about 7 to 11 years)
4. DSensorimotor stage (birth to about 2 years)

Which illness causes a bright red rash on both cheeks, often called "slapped cheek"?

1. AScarlet fever (group A streptococcus)
2. BImpetigo (staphylococcus)
3. CMeasles (rubeola virus)
4. DFifth disease (parvovirus B19)

How should the nurse position the ear when giving ear drops to a 2-year-old?

1. APull the earlobe gently forward and up
2. BLeave the pinna alone and tilt the head
3. CPull the pinna gently down and back
4. DPull the pinna gently up and back

A child is in skin traction for a leg fracture. Which nursing action is correct?

1. ALet the weights rest on the floor while the child sleeps, so the pull is gentler
2. BKeep the weights hanging freely, clear of the bed and floor
3. CLift the weights off when the child is uncomfortable
4. DRemove the traction tapes every hour to check the skin

A toddler refuses a liquid medicine. Which approach is appropriate?

1. AMix it into a full bottle of milk or juice for the whole day
2. BTell the child it is a sweet so that he takes it happily
3. CHold the child's nose firmly until he has to open his mouth to breathe
4. DMix it with a small spoonful of food, if the pharmacist says this is safe

A large baby born to a mother with diabetes becomes jittery at 1 hour of age. What should the nurse check first?

1. AThe baby's serum bilirubin
2. BThe baby's blood glucose
3. CThe baby's blood group
4. DThe baby's haemoglobin

A 10-year-old with cystic fibrosis is going to play football on a hot day. What should the nurse teach?

1. AAvoid all exercise, because it damages the lungs
2. BDrink more and add extra salt, because more salt is lost in sweat
3. CSkip the pancreatic enzymes on sports days to avoid stomach cramps
4. DRestrict fluids to prevent extra mucus