Lembar kerja Farmakologi dengan jawaban

How does tamsulosin improve urine flow in benign prostatic hyperplasia?

1. AIt contracts the bladder muscle
2. BIt shrinks the prostate gland over months by blocking testosterone
3. CIt increases urine production in the kidney
4. DIt blocks alpha-1 receptors and relaxes prostate smooth muscle

Where should an adrenaline (epinephrine) auto-injector be given?

1. AInto the outer thigh muscle
2. BUnder the tongue
3. CInto the abdomen under the skin
4. DInto a vein in the arm

Finasteride is used in benign prostatic hyperplasia because it:

1. AKills bacteria in the prostate
2. BRelaxes smooth muscle in the prostate within hours of the first dose
3. CInhibits 5-alpha reductase and slowly shrinks the prostate
4. DIncreases testosterone production

After a vaccination, why is a person asked to wait for a short time before leaving?

1. ATo watch for anaphylaxis, which usually starts within minutes
2. BTo check that the vaccine has already created protective antibodies
3. CTo measure the person's temperature for fever
4. DTo make sure the injection site does not bruise

Seorang pasien mengalami gangguan ginjal berat. Suatu obat terutama diekskresikan tanpa berubah melalui urine. Apa penyesuaian yang lazim?

1. AMenurunkan dosis atau memperpanjang interval pemberian
2. BMemberikan obat secara oral alih-alih intravena
3. CTidak perlu perubahan, karena hati mengambil alih
4. DMenaikkan dosis untuk mengimbangi penyerapan yang buruk

Efek samping statin yang serius tetapi jarang manakah yang harus segera dilaporkan pasien?

1. APembengkakan pergelangan kaki
2. BBatuk kering
3. CNyeri atau kelemahan otot yang tidak dapat dijelaskan
4. DRasa logam di mulut

A 19-year-old woman is starting isotretinoin for severe acne. Which requirement is most important?

1. AReliable contraception and pregnancy tests, as it is highly teratogenic
2. BA high-vitamin A diet to boost the effect
3. CTaking the drug only at weekends
4. DWeekly hearing tests and monthly eye examinations during treatment

A patient on heparin for 7 days has a platelet count that has fallen by more than half, and a new leg vein thrombosis. What is the most likely cause and the key action?

1. AWarfarin skin necrosis; switch from heparin to warfarin at once
2. BNormal dilution of platelets; continue and recheck in a week
3. CVitamin K deficiency; give vitamin K and continue heparin
4. DHeparin-induced thrombocytopenia; stop all heparin