Lembar kerja Farmakologi dengan jawaban

Filgrastim, a granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), is given to:

1. AStop bleeding from wounds
2. BIncrease the production of neutrophils
3. CIncrease the production of platelets
4. DLower the white cell count in leukaemia

What is a "broad-spectrum" antibiotic?

1. AOne that is taken for a long time at low dose to prevent any infection
2. BOne that is given only intravenously in hospital
3. COne that acts against many Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria
4. DOne that also treats viral and fungal infections

Which effect is common and harmless with oral iron tablets?

1. ARed-coloured urine
2. BDark or black stools
3. CBlue tint to the lips
4. DYellow discoloration of the eyes

Mengapa doksisiklin tidak boleh diminum bersamaan dengan susu atau antasida?

1. AKalsium dan ion logam lain mengikatnya dan mengurangi penyerapan
2. BSusu mempercepat penguraiannya di hati melalui induksi enzim
3. CKombinasinya menyebabkan konstipasi berat
4. DAntasida mengubahnya menjadi senyawa toksik

Fraksi obat mana di dalam plasma yang dapat mencapai reseptor dan menghasilkan efek?

1. AFraksi yang tersimpan di sel darah merah
2. BFraksi yang terikat globulin
3. CFraksi tidak terikat (bebas)
4. DFraksi yang terikat albumin

A patient with insulin-treated diabetes is found unconscious with very low blood glucose. There is no IV access. Which drug can a trained helper give?

1. AIntramuscular adrenaline
2. BOral glucose gel poured into the mouth
3. CRapid-acting insulin under the skin
4. DGlucagon by injection or nasal spray

A patient with Parkinson's disease has nausea. Why should metoclopramide be avoided?

1. AIt blocks dopamine receptors in the brain and can worsen the parkinsonism
2. BIt increases dopamine levels in the brain too much and causes psychosis
3. CIt inhibits the absorption of all oral drugs
4. DIt causes severe diarrhoea in Parkinson's disease

Why is pethidine (meperidine) avoided in older people and in kidney impairment?

1. AIt causes severe hypoglycaemia in these groups
2. BIt has no pain-relieving effect in older people
3. CIts metabolite norpethidine builds up and can cause seizures
4. DIt is not absorbed from the gut when kidney function is poor