Lembar kerja Farmakologi dengan jawaban

Why is anti-D immunoglobulin given to an Rh-negative mother?

1. ATo stop her forming anti-D antibodies against Rh-positive fetal cells
2. BTo make her own blood group Rh-positive before the next pregnancy
3. CTo treat anaemia in the newborn
4. DTo speed up labour

Why is methadone used to treat opioid use disorder?

1. AIt is a pure opioid antagonist that blocks all opioid effects
2. BIt cures the liver damage caused by opioids
3. CIt causes vomiting if other opioids are used
4. DIt is a long-acting opioid that prevents withdrawal and craving

Which of these drugs has a narrow therapeutic index?

1. AOmeprazole
2. BLoratadine
3. CLithium
4. DAmoxicillin

Ipratropium adalah bronkodilator yang digunakan pada PPOK. Bagaimana cara kerjanya?

1. AIpratropium memblokir reseptor leukotrien
2. BIpratropium memblokir reseptor muskarinik di otot polos saluran napas
3. CIpratropium mengurangi peradangan seperti kortikosteroid
4. DIpratropium merangsang reseptor beta-2 adrenergik di saluran napas

Which group of effects would the nurse expect after a dose of an anticholinergic drug such as atropine?

1. ADiarrhoea, frequent urination and sweating
2. BHeavy salivation, slow heart rate and small pupils
3. CDry mouth, faster heart rate and dilated pupils
4. DBronchial secretions, wheeze and tearing of the eyes

Why are many drugs started at lower doses in older adults?

1. AOlder adults absorb no drugs from the stomach
2. BOlder adults always weigh more than younger adults, so drugs last longer
3. CKidney and liver clearance often decline, and sensitivity to drugs increases
4. DLower doses are cheaper for older patients

A patient who used cocaine has chest pain, agitation, a high temperature, sweating, tachycardia and dilated pupils. Which drug class is commonly first-line for the agitation and sympathetic overactivity?

1. AOpioid antagonists
2. BAnticholinergic drugs
3. CAntihistamines
4. DBenzodiazepines

Pada overdosis aspirin, urine dapat dibuat basa dengan natrium bikarbonat. Mengapa hal ini meningkatkan ekskresi salisilat?

1. AUrine basa meningkatkan filtrasi glomerulus
2. BBikarbonat mempercepat metabolisme salisilat di hati menjadi bentuk tidak aktif
3. CLebih banyak salisilat terionisasi di tubulus, sehingga lebih sedikit yang direabsorpsi
4. DBikarbonat mengikat salisilat dan membuatnya tidak aktif