Lembar kerja Farmakologi dengan jawaban

What is physical dependence on a drug?

1. AThe person takes the drug only when needed
2. BThe drug no longer has any effect, even at much higher doses
3. CThe person has an allergy to the drug
4. DWithdrawal symptoms appear if the drug is stopped suddenly

Apa peran utama kortikosteroid inhalasi pada asma?

1. AMengurangi peradangan saluran napas dan mencegah serangan
2. BMengencerkan lendir agar dapat dibatukkan
3. CMeredakan bronkospasme mendadak dalam beberapa menit
4. DMembunuh bakteri di saluran napas

What is a "high-alert medication"?

1. AA drug that is expensive and must be kept in a locked cupboard
2. BA drug that causes more serious harm when used in error
3. CAny drug that is given by the intravenous or intramuscular route
4. DA new drug during its first year on the market

A nurse has a needlestick injury from a patient with HIV. When should post-exposure prophylaxis start?

1. AOnly if the patient's viral load is above a set level
2. BAs soon as possible, and within 72 hours at the latest
3. CAfter one week, when the risk of infection is clearer
4. DOnly after the nurse's HIV test turns positive

A child is starting methylphenidate for ADHD. Which advice is appropriate?

1. AGive the last dose at bedtime to help the child sleep
2. BExpect weight gain as the main side effect
3. CGive doses early in the day and monitor appetite and growth
4. DGive the drug only at weekends

A woman taking tamoxifen should report which symptom promptly?

1. AUnusual vaginal bleeding or a painful swollen leg
2. BMild hot flushes, especially at night, in the first months
3. CSlightly dry skin
4. DMild tiredness in the afternoon

Why is vincristine labelled "for intravenous use only – fatal if given by other routes"?

1. AIntramuscular injection causes severe and prolonged hypoglycaemia
2. BOral vincristine causes immediate anaphylaxis
3. CAccidental intrathecal injection causes fatal ascending neurotoxicity
4. DSubcutaneous injection makes the drug inactive

Why is glibenclamide (glyburide) generally avoided in older adults?

1. AIt is long-acting and can cause prolonged, severe hypoglycaemia
2. BIt causes high blood glucose in older adults
3. CIt is not absorbed in people over 65
4. DIt causes severe weight loss and muscle wasting in older people