Lembar kerja Farmakologi dengan jawaban

Amphotericin B is used mainly for:

1. AInfluenza in older people
2. BBacterial urinary tract infections
3. CMild athlete's foot
4. DSerious systemic fungal infections

How is pernicious anaemia usually treated?

1. AWith oral iron tablets for three months, then stopping
2. BWith blood transfusions every month
3. CWith vitamin B12 injections, usually for life
4. DWith folic acid alone

Mengapa beberapa pengobatan antibiotik harus dihabiskan sesuai resep?

1. AAgar antibiotik tidak merusak hati
2. BUntuk mengurangi kemungkinan bakteri yang tersisa menyebabkan kambuh atau resistansi
3. CKarena tubuh butuh beberapa hari untuk belajar membuat antibiotik sendiri
4. DAgar rasa antibiotik membaik seiring waktu

Mengapa OAINS seperti ibuprofen meningkatkan risiko tukak lambung?

1. AMenambah jumlah bakteri Helicobacter pylori di lambung
2. BMelarutkan lapisan lendir secara langsung
3. CMenurunkan prostaglandin pelindung di lapisan lambung
4. DMenaikkan pH asam lambung

Ipratropium adalah bronkodilator yang digunakan pada PPOK. Bagaimana cara kerjanya?

1. AIpratropium memblokir reseptor muskarinik di otot polos saluran napas
2. BIpratropium merangsang reseptor beta-2 adrenergik di saluran napas
3. CIpratropium mengurangi peradangan seperti kortikosteroid
4. DIpratropium memblokir reseptor leukotrien

Methylergometrine (methylergonovine) is prescribed for postpartum bleeding. Which finding would make the nurse withhold it and check with the prescriber?

1. ABlood pressure of 160/105 mmHg
2. BTemperature of 37,2 °C (99 °F)
3. CHeart rate of 88 per minute
4. DHaemoglobin slightly below normal

A patient with asthma starts timolol eye drops for glaucoma and soon becomes wheezy. What is the most likely explanation?

1. AThe eye drops contain an allergen that causes hay fever and asthma
2. BThe wheeze is unrelated to the eye drops
3. CTimolol is absorbed and blocks beta-2 receptors in the airways
4. DTimolol activates histamine receptors in the lungs

A patient receiving a phenylephrine infusion has a rise in blood pressure and a fall in heart rate. What is the best explanation?

1. AThe fall in heart rate shows phenylephrine toxicity of the AV node
2. BAlpha-1 vasoconstriction raises blood pressure and causes reflex bradycardia
3. CPhenylephrine stimulates muscarinic receptors
4. DPhenylephrine directly blocks beta-1 receptors in the heart's conduction system