Lembar kerja Farmakologi dengan jawaban

How do second-generation antihistamines such as cetirizine and loratadine differ from older ones?

1. AThey work only on the skin
2. BThey block H2 receptors in the stomach
3. CThey cause much less drowsiness
4. DThey are given only by injection

In the United States, what is a "boxed warning" (black box warning) on a drug label?

1. AThe strongest FDA warning about a serious or life-threatening risk
2. BA label showing that the drug is a controlled substance with abuse potential
3. CA note that the drug is available without prescription
4. DA sign that the drug must be stored in a dark box

Apa yang dijelaskan oleh "bioavailabilitas"?

1. ABagian dosis yang terikat pada protein plasma dalam sirkulasi
2. BBagian dosis yang mencapai sirkulasi sistemik tanpa berubah
3. CSeberapa kuat obat berikatan dengan reseptornya
4. DSeberapa cepat obat diekskresikan

A patient starting sulfasalazine should be told about which harmless effect?

1. ABlue colouring of the tongue and gums
2. BGreen colouring of the sweat
3. CWhite spots on the nails
4. DOrange-yellow colouring of the urine

How should the nurse straighten the ear canal to give ear drops to a 2-year-old child?

1. ALeave the ear untouched and drop into the canal
2. BPush the pinna forward and up
3. CPull the pinna down and back
4. DPull the pinna up and back

Which statement about allopurinol is correct?

1. AIt lowers uric acid over time and does not relieve the pain of an acute attack
2. BIt increases uric acid production to flush out crystals
3. CIt is taken only during an acute attack and stopped as soon as the pain settles
4. DIt works within an hour to relieve joint pain

Mengapa piridoksin (vitamin B6) sering diberikan bersama isoniazid untuk tuberkulosis?

1. AUntuk mengurangi resistansi bakteri
2. BUntuk mencegah kerusakan hati akibat isoniazid
3. CUntuk mencegah neuropati perifer
4. DUntuk meningkatkan penyerapan isoniazid

Seorang perempuan lansia yang mulai mengonsumsi SSRI dua minggu lalu kini bingung, dan natrium plasmanya rendah. Apa mekanisme yang paling mungkin?

1. APeningkatan sekresi aldosteron
2. BKerusakan langsung pada kelenjar adrenal
3. CSekresi ADH yang tidak sesuai akibat SSRI yang menyebabkan retensi air
4. DKehilangan natrium melalui diare berat akibat SSRI