Lembar kerja Farmakologi dengan jawaban

Dobutamine is mainly used to:

1. ADissolve clots in the coronary arteries
2. BIncrease heart contractility in cardiogenic shock or acute heart failure
3. CTreat high blood pressure at home
4. DSlow the heart rate in fast atrial fibrillation with low blood pressure

Which adverse effect of ethambutol requires vision checks?

1. AOptic neuritis, with blurred vision and colour blindness
2. BBleeding in the back of the eye
3. CPermanent dilation of the pupils
4. DCataracts that form within a few days of starting

What is the most common side effect of first-generation antihistamines such as diphenhydramine?

1. ARaised blood pressure
2. BDiarrhoea
3. CInsomnia
4. DDrowsiness

A patient takes low-dose weekly methotrexate for rheumatoid arthritis. Which monitoring is needed?

1. AWeekly INR checks and a monthly ECG to check the heart rhythm
2. BMonthly hearing tests
3. CRegular blood count, liver and kidney function tests
4. DDaily blood glucose checks

Mengapa OAINS seperti ibuprofen meningkatkan risiko tukak lambung?

1. AMelarutkan lapisan lendir secara langsung
2. BMenaikkan pH asam lambung
3. CMenambah jumlah bakteri Helicobacter pylori di lambung
4. DMenurunkan prostaglandin pelindung di lapisan lambung

A patient must mix regular (soluble) insulin and NPH (isophane) insulin in one syringe. What is the correct order?

1. ADraw up the cloudy NPH insulin first, then the clear regular insulin
2. BShake both vials hard, then draw them up in any order
3. CDraw them up in separate syringes, then mix them in a cup
4. DDraw up the clear regular insulin first, then the cloudy NPH insulin

Seorang perempuan lansia yang mulai mengonsumsi SSRI dua minggu lalu kini bingung, dan natrium plasmanya rendah. Apa mekanisme yang paling mungkin?

1. AKehilangan natrium melalui diare berat akibat SSRI
2. BKerusakan langsung pada kelenjar adrenal
3. CSekresi ADH yang tidak sesuai akibat SSRI yang menyebabkan retensi air
4. DPeningkatan sekresi aldosteron

A patient with latent tuberculosis feels well and is not infectious. Why is treatment such as isoniazid still offered?

1. ATo prevent progression to active TB later
2. BTo stop the patient spreading TB at the moment
3. CTo cure an active lung infection
4. DTo produce a negative skin test quickly