Lembar kerja Farmakologi dengan jawaban

Venlafaxine belongs to which class of antidepressants?

1. ASerotonin–noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs)
2. BTricyclic antidepressants
3. CMonoamine oxidase inhibitors
4. DSelective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)

Which drug is an antidote for methanol or ethylene glycol (antifreeze) poisoning?

1. ANaloxone
2. BFlumazenil
3. CAtropine
4. DFomepizole

Why is anti-D immunoglobulin given to an Rh-negative mother?

1. ATo treat anaemia in the newborn
2. BTo speed up labour
3. CTo make her own blood group Rh-positive before the next pregnancy
4. DTo stop her forming anti-D antibodies against Rh-positive fetal cells

Suatu obat menghambat enzim hati CYP3A4. Apa yang bisa terjadi pada obat kedua yang terutama dimetabolisme oleh CYP3A4?

1. AKadar plasmanya naik sehingga risiko efek samping meningkat
2. BKadar plasmanya turun sehingga obat bisa berhenti bekerja pada dosis yang biasa
3. CObat itu diekskresikan ginjal lebih cepat
4. DTidak ada, karena enzim tidak memengaruhi obat lain

Ipratropium adalah bronkodilator yang digunakan pada PPOK. Bagaimana cara kerjanya?

1. AIpratropium merangsang reseptor beta-2 adrenergik di saluran napas
2. BIpratropium memblokir reseptor leukotrien
3. CIpratropium mengurangi peradangan seperti kortikosteroid
4. DIpratropium memblokir reseptor muskarinik di otot polos saluran napas

A patient starting sulfasalazine should be told about which harmless effect?

1. ABlue colouring of the tongue and gums
2. BGreen colouring of the sweat
3. COrange-yellow colouring of the urine
4. DWhite spots on the nails

A patient on weekly methotrexate is prescribed trimethoprim for a urinary infection. What is the main risk?

1. ASevere hypertension from the combination
2. BLoss of antibiotic effect because methotrexate binds trimethoprim
3. CHypoglycaemia from reduced liver glucose output
4. DBone marrow suppression, because both drugs inhibit folate metabolism

A patient taking carbimazole or methimazole (thiamazole) for Graves' disease reports a sore throat and fever. What should the nurse suspect and do?

1. AAgranulocytosis; stop the drug and check the white cell count urgently
2. BThyroid storm; double the next dose of the drug
3. CA common cold; advise rest and fluids and continue the drug as usual
4. DHypothyroidism; add levothyroxine at once