Lembar kerja Farmakologi dengan jawaban

What is a "superinfection" during antibiotic treatment?

1. AA very severe form of the original infection
2. BAn infection that spreads from one patient to another on the ward
3. CA new infection because normal body flora are disturbed
4. DAn infection that is cured by a single antibiotic dose

Which of these insulins is rapid-acting?

1. AInsulin detemir
2. BInsulin glargine
3. CInsulin lispro
4. DNPH (isophane) insulin

What is the normal serum sodium range in adults?

1. A3,5–5,0 mmol/L
2. B95–105 mmol/L
3. C150–165 mmol/L
4. D135–145 mmol/L

A patient with diabetes is sweaty and shaky. Blood glucose is 3,0 mmol/L (54 mg/dL). The patient is awake and can swallow. What should the nurse do first?

1. AGive 15–20 g of fast-acting carbohydrate, such as juice
2. BGive intramuscular glucagon at once
3. CGive a large meal high in fat and protein to keep glucose up for longer
4. DGive the next scheduled dose of insulin

Before starting a TNF-alpha inhibitor such as adalimumab, which test is required?

1. AAn echocardiogram in every patient
2. BA bone density scan
3. CScreening for latent tuberculosis
4. DA glucose tolerance test

Why is IV promethazine given with great caution?

1. AIt can cause severe tissue injury if it leaks or enters an artery
2. BIt causes a severe rise in blood pressure when it is given intravenously
3. CIt causes immediate kidney failure
4. DIt is a strong opioid that causes addiction

Suatu obat dengan waktu paruh pendek diberikan dengan interval dosis yang jauh lebih panjang daripada waktu paruhnya. Apa hasilnya pada keadaan tunak?

1. AFluktuasi besar antara kadar puncak dan kadar lembah
2. BKeadaan tunak tidak pernah tercapai
3. CKadar sangat stabil hampir tanpa fluktuasi
4. DAkumulasi bertahap hingga kadar toksik

Antagonis nonkompetitif (ireversibel) mengubah kurva dosis-respons dengan:

1. AMembuat kurva lebih curam tanpa perubahan lain
2. BMenggeser kurva ke kiri
3. CMenggeser kurva ke kanan dengan maksimum yang sama
4. DMenurunkan respons maksimum