Lembar kerja Farmakologi dengan jawaban

Methylphenidate, used in ADHD, belongs to which class?

1. AAntipsychotics (dopamine blockers)
2. BBenzodiazepines
3. COpioid analgesics
4. DCentral nervous system stimulants

Apa peran utama kortikosteroid inhalasi pada asma?

1. AMembunuh bakteri di saluran napas
2. BMengencerkan lendir agar dapat dibatukkan
3. CMengurangi peradangan saluran napas dan mencegah serangan
4. DMeredakan bronkospasme mendadak dalam beberapa menit

Mengapa aspirin dosis rendah diberikan kepada sebagian penderita penyakit jantung?

1. AUntuk mengurangi agregasi trombosit dan mencegah bekuan
2. BUntuk menurunkan kadar kolesterol darah dan menstabilkan plak
3. CUntuk segera meredakan nyeri dada
4. DUntuk memperlambat denyut jantung

Which group of effects would the nurse expect after a dose of an anticholinergic drug such as atropine?

1. AHeavy salivation, slow heart rate and small pupils
2. BDiarrhoea, frequent urination and sweating
3. CBronchial secretions, wheeze and tearing of the eyes
4. DDry mouth, faster heart rate and dilated pupils

Why should NSAIDs be used with caution in some people with asthma?

1. AThey increase the clearance of salbutamol
2. BThey block the anti-inflammatory effect of inhaled corticosteroids
3. CThey can trigger bronchospasm in aspirin-sensitive asthma
4. DThey cause mucus plugs by drying the airways

Why is hypovolaemia corrected with IV fluids before or while starting a vasopressor?

1. AVasopressors cause the patient to retain too much fluid
2. BVasopressors only work when they are diluted in large fluid volumes
3. CVasopressors cannot keep perfusion up if the circulation is under-filled
4. DFluids stop the vasopressor causing a fever

A patient taking co-trimoxazole develops fever, a spreading blistering rash and painful mouth sores. What is the most likely diagnosis?

1. AStevens–Johnson syndrome; stop the drug and get urgent medical care
2. BA mild rash that will settle; continue the drug and give moisturiser
3. CSunburn caused by the drug; advise sunscreen only
4. DOral thrush; start an antifungal and continue the antibiotic

A toddler swallowed many of his mother's iron tablets. He has vomiting and bloody diarrhoea. Which drug may be used to bind iron?

1. AActivated charcoal given by mouth
2. BDeferoxamine (desferrioxamine)
3. CAcetylcysteine
4. DNaloxone